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Climate watch

The Climate Watch platform provides data and insights on climate policies, emissions trends and nationally determined contributions (NDCs), helping to track progress towards meeting global climate commitments.

It represents a highly valuable resource for the Climate Pact community and beyond, offering comprehensive data on climate policies and emissions trends in real time. (More on climatewatchdata.org)

E-Room – set to address energy poverty through data and collaboration

The E-Room platform was designed to understand, measure and combat energy poverty. The E-Room platform provides an overview of the structural and socio-economic factors that cause energy poverty, such as low energy efficiency of buildings, labour market inefficiencies and limited access to financial, social and information resources.

Key points about E-Room:

  • Energy poverty metrics are categorized into two primary approaches: questionnaire-based (based on energy consumption surveys) and expenditure-based (based on household energy expenditure data).
  • Energy efficiency plays a key role in reducing energy poverty.
  • E-Room uses data from Eurostat to show trends in SUPER-i partner countries. For example, United Kingdom shows almost twice as many households having trouble keeping warm compared to Slovenia, but Slovenia has three times as many households with arrears on their bills.
  • The E-Room provides a space for stakeholders to access relevant data, share ideas, and collaborate on solutions to alleviate energy poverty.
  • The SUPER-i project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 101028220.
  • More information about E-Room can be found online.

Spring

Massive methane leaks detected in Antarctica, posing potential risk to global warming

A Spanish scientific expedition has discovered columns of gas rising from the seabed. Geologists are also warning of the possibility of huge landslides that could generate tsunamis. A team of Spanish scientists exploring the Antarctic seabed has detected “massive emissions” of methane, a gas with a global warming potential about 30 times greater than carbon dioxide (CO₂). Scientists aboard a ship Sarmiento de Gamboa observed methane plumes up to 700 meters long and 70 meters wide in the ocean, geologists Ricardo León and Roger Urgeles, the expedition leaders, said in a statement to EL PAÍS. These previously unknown emissions could potentially represent an environmental bomb for the planet's climate. (MANUEL ANSEDE, more at english.elpais.com)

Tipping point for complete melting of Greenland ice sheet

The Greenland ice sheet currently covers more than 1.7 million square kilometers, making it the largest freshwater reservoir in the Northern Hemisphere. It has lost more than a trillion tons of ice since the 1980s, with the rate of melting increasing sixfold in the past decade. A recent study revealed that an average of 30 million tons of ice is currently being lost every hour.

Melting ice is causing sea levels to rise and changes in ocean salinity, affecting both the marine ecosystem and coastal communities, with a predicted sea level rise of 7 meters if the ice sheet completely melts. Research published in The Cryosphere has identified a tipping point at which ice loss could become irreversible, leading to the complete melting of Greenland. This tipping point is associated with a global temperature increase of 3.4°C, with the current average temperature in 2024 exceeding 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels.

The researchers found that topography and elevation play a key role in the ice mass balance. If the rate of melting exceeds the isostatic adjustment of the landscape, almost complete loss of Greenland's ice sheet could occur. In addition, ice loss reduces the surface albedo, which increases the absorption of solar radiation and accelerates melting.

The study also highlighted the importance of the western edge of the Greenland ice sheet, which can stabilize the entire ice sheet if it remains in a coastal area with high topography. Maintaining this edge is key to preventing complete loss of the ice sheet.

Researchers warn that climate change is bringing us closer to tipping points, and it is therefore essential to continue efforts to mitigate climate change to prevent dangerous temperature thresholds from being crossed. Spring

January 2025: Warmest January and Lowest Arctic Sea Ice Extent in a Month

The first month of 2025 was the warmest January on record globally, continuing a streak of record or near-record temperatures recorded over the past two years. According to the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) monthly bulletin for January 2025, the global average surface temperature in the ERA5 reanalysis dataset was 13.23ºC, 0.79ºC above the climatological January average for the period 1991-2020. The Arctic experienced its lowest sea ice extent on record for January. (More on climate.copernicus.eu)

Sustainable agriculture in the Union and animal welfare

Call for proposals from the European Commission to support projects that highlight the sustainability of Union agriculture, highlighting its beneficial role for the climate, the environment and animal welfare.

Call ID: AGRIP-MULTI-2025-IM-SUSTAINABLE

goal(s)

The specific objectives of this program are:

a) raise awareness of the benefits of EU agricultural products and the high standards applicable to production methods in the EU

•b) increase the competitiveness and consumption of EU agricultural products and certain food products and raise their profile both within the EU and outside it

c) increase awareness and recognition of EU quality systems

(d) increase the market share of EU agricultural products and certain food products, in particular by targeting those markets in third countries with the highest growth potential

(e) restore normal market conditions in the event of serious market disruption, loss of consumer confidence or other specific problems. (More on ec.europa.eu)

Explaining the relationship between increasing levels of CO₂ in the atmosphere and ocean acidification.

Increasing levels of CO₂ in the atmosphere are leading to ocean acidification. The oceans absorb significant amounts of CO₂ from the atmosphere. When CO₂ dissolves in seawater, chemical reactions occur that lower the pH of the ocean, making it more acidic.

Here are the main points that explain this relationship:

  • Dissolving CO₂: Atmospheric CO₂ dissolves in the surface waters of the ocean.
  • Carbonic acid formation: Dissolved CO₂ reacts with water to form carbonic acid (H₂CO₃).
      • Dissociation: Carbonic acid dissociates into bicarbonate ions (HCO₃-) and hydrogen ions (H+).
  • Increased acidity: Increasing the concentration of hydrogen ions lowers the pH of the ocean, increasing its acidity.

The overall reaction can be represented by the equation: 2KOH+CO₂ → H₂O+K₂CO₃

This process has several important consequences:

  • Decrease in carbonate ion concentration: Increasing acidity reduces the concentration of carbonate ions (CO₃²-), which are important for marine organisms such as coral reefs and mollusks, which need them to build their shells and skeletons.
  • Threat to marine ecosystems: Ocean acidification can have negative impacts on marine ecosystems, including slowing coral growth, disrupting food chains, and threatening biodiversity.
  • CO₂ absorption: The ocean's ability to absorb CO₂ from the atmosphere decreases as acidity increases, which may lead to an even faster increase in atmospheric CO₂ and intensify climate change.

The pH of ocean surface waters has dropped from about 8.1 to 8.05 over the past 30 years. Although this change seems small, it actually represents an increase in hydrogen ion concentration of 20 to 35 parts per million, which has a significant impact on the marine environment. Spring

Arctic melting is accelerating global warming: How do we adapt?

In 2016, nearly 200 world leaders pledged to do everything they could to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius. Since then, policymakers around the world have proposed countless laws based on the assumption that warming will never exceed that limit.

But scientists can share some sobering news: The Earth surpassed 1.5 degrees of warming in 2024, is rapidly heading toward even greater warming, and has already been irreversibly changed.

According to research published on Thursday, February 6, in in the journal Science , even if every country were to meet their current Paris Agreement commitments—and that's a big if—the globe would still be on track to warm by 2.7 degrees Celsius, or 4.9 degrees Fahrenheit, by 2100. (More on phys.org)

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