Children and youth are vulnerable to the threat of climate change, but potential non-health impacts, such as impacts on global education outcomes, are not well understood. In this interdisciplinary review, we synthesize research linking climate change stressors to children's educational outcomes. We found that climate change is already likely to undermine the educational outcomes of many populations around the world through multiple direct and indirect pathways. We suggest that a life-cycle developmental framework is well suited to understanding these effects, particularly how climate risks can accumulate over the life course. We further show that existing vulnerabilities moderate the relationship between climate stressors and adverse educational outcomes. We conclude with a discussion of current methodological challenges and outline future research directions. (Caitlin M. Prentice , Francis Vergunst , Helen L. Berry , more at nature.com)