Global warming poses a significant threat to ecosystems, societies and economies worldwide. In recent decades, the goal of international climate policy has been to limit global warming to 2°C compared to pre-industrial levels. This was to prevent serious and irreversible impacts on the environment. International agreements such as the Paris Agreement and policy frameworks, including carbon pricing mechanisms, play a key role in achieving this goal. Climate decisions are often driven by information and data obtained from simulation and modeling frameworks, as they allow policymakers to assess the potential impacts of different policy options, understand the dynamics of the climate system, and evaluate the effectiveness of different mitigation and adaptation strategies. (National University of Singapore, more at phys.org)