Remember the Paris Agreement? This was the agreement signed at the 2015 UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP21) where countries committed to reducing carbon emissions in an effort to halt climate change. In Paris, countries agreed to: “Substantially reduce global greenhouse gas emissions to hold the increase in global temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels, and pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels, recognizing that this would significantly reduce the risks and impacts of climate change.” Countries also agreed to provide funding to developing countries to help them cope with climate change in terms of mitigation, resilience and adaptation. The agreement committed countries to regularly assess progress in combating climate change through national climate action plans – Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). The recently published UN report on the Emissions Gap: Temperatures hit new highs, but the world fails (again) to cut emissions “finds that the world is on track to warm well above the Paris Agreement targets unless countries deliver more than they have pledged”. (Ozayr Patel)