Climate change threatens the lives and health of billions of people today. Life expectancy is generally used as the best metric to assess the health of a country's population. In this context, this paper examines the impact of climate change on life expectancy using a panel data model. To this end, imprimis, this paper develops a conceptual framework linking the direct and indirect pathways through which climate change affects health. Direct paths lead through variable weather and natural disasters.  Indirect pathways are mediated through economic systems and ecosystems. This paper then estimates the impact of climate change on life expectancy using international data from 191 countries covering the period 1940–2020 and using a fixed effect method. The finding of this study suggests that if the average annual temperature increases by 1°C, then life expectancy at birth will decrease by 0.44 years. (Amit Roy)