At last week's renewable energy meeting, governments split into three camps.

India's G20 presidency, backed by the EU and Germany, has pushed for an ambitious target of tripling renewable energy capacity by 2030.

A group of nations, including France, the US and South Korea, pushed to weaken that commitment and expand the language away from a specific focus on renewables and towards including "low carbon" solutions, including nuclear power and carbon capture technologies.

Hard-liners such as Russia, Saudi Arabia, China and South Africa opposed the inclusion of any renewable energy targets.

The Cop28 team, led by al Jaber, is now under increasing pressure to bridge divisions and reach some consensus.

The G20 leaders' meeting in September will be one of the last opportunities in the calendar to show some progress towards the goal of tripling renewable energy capacity by 2030.

Here are some additional details about each group:

• India's G20 Presidency: The group is pushing for an ambitious goal of tripling renewable energy capacity by 2030, which it believes is essential to achieving global climate change goals. They argue that renewable energy is affordable, clean and sustainable, and that it can help create new jobs and boost economies.
• A group of nations including France, the US and South Korea: The group is not against renewable energy sources, but believes it is important to include other low-carbon solutions such as nuclear power and carbon capture technologies. They argue that these solutions will be needed to meet the world's total energy needs and that they should not be excluded from the climate change conversation.
• Hardliners: This group opposes any renewable energy targets because they believe they will have a negative impact on their economies. They argue that renewable energy sources are still too expensive and unreliable and would lead to job losses.

(AI)