Pests and diseases are exacerbating crop shortages, which have caused prices to skyrocket for commodities like cocoa, olive oil, and orange juice. This will become even more widespread as weather extremes increase. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, plant diseases cost the global economy more than $220 billion each year, and invasive insects at least $70 billion. According to Leah Buchman, an entomologist at Georgetown University, pests are easily adapting to changing climates, with warmer temperatures allowing them to reproduce and migrate more quickly, reducing crop yields. "As temperatures rise, you have this expanded geographic range and this expanded range of insects, which is only going to increase the number of diseases that insects spread," Buchman said. As a result, destructive pests originating in the Americas have been found eating corn and other grains in Africa and Asia. A fly associated with tropical and subtropical climates is destroying tomato plantations in Europe. Below are some of the crops that are struggling as their destructive enemies increase. (MUMBAI GITAU)