Control of CO2 conversion _{by using}  of photoautotrophic microbes offers a promising route to combining carbon mitigation with petrochemical substitution. However, solar-based bioproduction is hampered by inefficient genetic manipulation, narrow product range, and degradation caused by light. Here, we present a time-separated modular strategy to realize CO ₂– conversion to a molecule by successively coupling carbon sequestration and cellular catalysis through stable mediator compounds. The carbon fixation rate of the sequestration module was improved by about 50 % through metabolic network remodeling, while two-phase catalysis, multi-gene editing, and a high-throughput workflow were applied to the catalysis modules for the production of olefins, cinnamaldehyde, and curcumin. The catalytic efficiency was significantly increased up to 114 times compared to the monoculture. This modular design approach enables the rapid development of sustainable biorefineries in a plug-and-play manner, as evidenced by the production of various chemicals at the gram-per-liter level through large-scale fermentation.₂ reduction in a sustainable future.

(Chaofeng Li , Lijie Yin , Jiawei Wang, Chaotic Zheng& Jun Ni )

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