{"id":33646,"date":"2025-01-28T17:55:56","date_gmt":"2025-01-28T16:55:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/?p=33646"},"modified":"2025-01-28T17:56:23","modified_gmt":"2025-01-28T16:56:23","slug":"the-rapid-increase-in-atmospheric-co-2-marked-the-end-of-the-younger-paleozoic-ice-age","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/en\/2025\/01\/28\/the-rapid-increase-in-atmospheric-co-2-marked-the-end-of-the-younger-paleozoic-ice-age\/","title":{"rendered":"Rapid increase in atmospheric CO2 marked the end of the latest Paleozoic ice age"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41561-024-01610-2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Document<\/span><\/a> presents <strong>80-million-year record of atmospheric CO2<\/strong> derived from <strong>boron isotopes (\u03b411B)<\/strong>, which was created in combination with other isotopic records (strontium 87Sr\/86Sr, carbon \u03b413C and oxygen \u03b418O). The research focuses on <strong>Late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA)<\/strong>, which lasted from approximately 370 to 260 million years ago. The main findings and conclusions include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Low CO2 during LPIA:<\/strong> During the main phase of the LPIA, which began in the Middle Mississippian (about 330 million years ago), atmospheric CO2 was maintained at <strong>low values<\/strong>, which is considered unprecedented in Earth&#039;s history. CO2 concentrations have dropped to <strong>minimum approximately 200 \u00b1 100 ppm<\/strong> around 298 million years ago.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sudden increase in CO2 and the end of LPIA:<\/strong> Around 294 million years ago, there was <strong>a sudden fourfold increase in atmospheric CO2<\/strong>, which led to <strong>completion of LPIA<\/strong> and the transition to the warmer period of the Early Permian. This increase in CO2 was relatively rapid and led to warming and drier conditions.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mechanisms for maintaining low CO2 during LPIA:<\/strong> Low CO2 during LPIA was maintained thanks to <strong>increased chemical weathering<\/strong>, which was caused by the collision of Laurasia and Gondwana and the uplift of the Variscan mountain range. Another factor could have been <strong>decrease in the rate of CO2 degassing from the Earth&#039;s mantle<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Relationship with large igneous provinces (LIPs):<\/strong> <strong>Rapid increase in CO2<\/strong> at the end of the LPIA coincides with eruptions <strong>Skagerrak-Centred LIP (SCLIP)<\/strong> (297 \u00b1 4 Ma). These eruptions are thought to have released large amounts of CO2, contributing to warming and the end of the Ice Age. Other LIPs, such as the Tarim and Panjal, may also have contributed to maintaining elevated CO2 levels.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Methodology and data:<\/strong> The study uses <strong>isotopic analyses of brachiopods<\/strong> for CO2 reconstruction. The \u03b411B record was converted to pH and CO2 using calibrations on modern brachiopods. It was developed <strong>a new approach for estimating \u03b411B of seawater<\/strong>, which exploits the similarity with the evolution of 87Sr\/86Sr.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Impacts on the carbon system:<\/strong> In addition to changes in CO2, the study also reconstructed changes in <strong>Ocean pH<\/strong> a <strong>dissolved inorganic carbon concentration (DIC)<\/strong>The findings suggest that changes in CO2 and pH around the Assel-Sakmarian boundary were significant.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Similarities with the late Cenozoic ice age:<\/strong> The authors point out similarities between the LPIA and the current Late Cenozoic Ice Age (LCIE), which began about 34 million years ago. Both were associated with extensive low-latitude mountain uplift and long-term declines in CO2. The question remains whether a future LIP event will end the LCIE or whether human entry into the game will cause a change.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Overall, the study provides a detailed view of <strong>CO2 dynamics<\/strong> during LPIA and highlights <strong>the key role of LIP eruptions<\/strong> at the end of this extensive ice age. The findings also indicate that <strong>rapid changes in CO2 concentration<\/strong> have a significant impact on climate transitions and ecological systems. <em><strong>Spring<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<h3>Glossary of key terms<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Late Palaeozoic Ice Age (LPIA):<\/strong> An extensive ice age that lasted from approximately 370 to 260 million years ago, during the late Paleozoic.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gondwana:<\/strong> An ancient supercontinent that included present-day Africa, South America, Australia, Antarctica, and India.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Brachiopod:<\/strong> A marine invertebrate with a two-part shell, often used as a paleo-climatic proxy.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Isotopes of boron (\u03b411B):<\/strong> Boron isotopic composition, used as a proxy for the reconstruction of pH and atmospheric CO2.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Strontium isotopes (87Sr\/86Sr):<\/strong> Strontium isotope ratio, used for dating and stratigraphy of rocks, as well as for reconstructing changes in continental weathering.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Carbon isotopes (\u03b413C):<\/strong> Carbon isotopic composition, used to study changes in the carbon cycle and organic productivity.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Oxygen isotopes (\u03b418O):<\/strong> Oxygen isotopic composition, used to reconstruct paleotemperatures and global climate change.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Large Igneous Province (LIP):<\/strong> A vast volcanic province, characterized by enormous basalt eruptions.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC):<\/strong> The total concentration of inorganic carbon dissolved in water, including carbon dioxide, carbonates, and bicarbonates.<\/li>\n<li><strong>pH:<\/strong> The degree of acidity or alkalinity of an aqueous solution.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Asselian-Sakmarian boundary:<\/strong> The temporal boundary between two geological stages in the Early Permian, associated with the end of the LPIA.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Carboniferous-Permian:<\/strong> The geological period extending from the end of the Carboniferous to the beginning of the Permian.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cisuralian:<\/strong> An older name for the Early Permian epoch, the boundaries of which are approximately identical to the Asselian and Sakmarian stages.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pangaea:<\/strong> A supercontinent that existed during the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Orogen:<\/strong> The process of mountain formation caused by tectonic movements.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Eustatic sea state:<\/strong> A change in sea level that affects all of the world&#039;s oceans.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Radiogenic strontium:<\/strong> The strontium isotope 87Sr, produced by the radioactive decay of rubidium, accumulates in continental crust.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Neotethys:<\/strong> An ocean that existed during the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras between Gondwana and Eurasia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The paper presents an 80-million-year record of atmospheric CO2 derived from boron isotopes (\u03b411B), which was created in combination with other isotopic records (strontium 87Sr\/86Sr, carbon \u03b413C and oxygen \u03b418O). The research focuses on the Late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA), which lasted from approximately 370 to 260 million years ago. The main findings and conclusions include: Low CO2 during [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33646","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-klimaticka-zmena"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33646","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33646"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33646\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33646"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33646"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33646"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}