{"id":39402,"date":"2026-08-21T12:21:34","date_gmt":"2026-08-21T10:21:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/?p=39402"},"modified":"2026-08-21T12:23:48","modified_gmt":"2026-08-21T10:23:48","slug":"inkluzia-a-udrzatelnost-dva-piliere-premeny-europskeho-vzdelavania","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/2026\/08\/21\/inkluzia-a-udrzatelnost-dva-piliere-premeny-europskeho-vzdelavania\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629: \u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628. \u0648\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a<\/strong>, \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0161tudentov vybav\u00ed potrebn\u00fdmi hodnotami a kompetenciami.<\/p>\n

Cesta k spravodlivej a zelenej Eur\u00f3pe<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vzdel\u00e1vanie posil\u0148uje soci\u00e1lnu s\u00fadr\u017enos\u0165, buduje odolnos\u0165 a zlep\u0161uje kvalitu \u017eivota. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 prispieva k rozmanitej\u0161ej pracovnej sile a uzatv\u00e1ra ekonomick\u00e9 a zru\u010dnostn\u00e9 medzery. Nov\u00e1 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631<\/span><\/a> Eur\u00f3pskej komisie (janu\u00e1r 2026) s n\u00e1zvom \u201eInkluz\u00edvne vzdel\u00e1vanie a u\u010denie sa pre udr\u017eate\u013enos\u0165\u201c<\/em> prin\u00e1\u0161a d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 odpor\u00fa\u010dania, ako prepoji\u0165 inkl\u00faziu a environment\u00e1lnu udr\u017eate\u013enos\u0165 v \u0161kolskej praxi.<\/p>\n

\n

Pre\u010do s\u00fa inkl\u00fazia a udr\u017eate\u013enos\u0165 neoddelite\u013en\u00e9?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Inkl\u00fazia a udr\u017eate\u013enos\u0165 nie s\u00fa dve oddelen\u00e9 vzdel\u00e1vacie t\u00e9my; s\u00fa hlboko prepojen\u00e9 a vz\u00e1jomne z\u00e1visl\u00e9.<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Podstata inkluz\u00edvneho vzdel\u00e1vania:<\/strong> Inkl\u00fazia je prierezov\u00fd princ\u00edp, ktor\u00fd uprednost\u0148uje anga\u017eovanos\u0165, blahobyt a \u00faspech v\u0161etk\u00fdch \u017eiakov. Uzn\u00e1va, \u017ee spravodlivos\u0165 (equity) a excelentnos\u0165 id\u00fa ruka v ruke. Podporuje diferencovan\u00e9 u\u010denie prostredn\u00edctvom personalizovan\u00fdch \u010di cielen\u00fdch strat\u00e9gi\u00ed a vn\u00edma rozmanitos\u0165 ako siln\u00fa str\u00e1nku vzdel\u00e1vania.<\/li>\n
  • \u017diadna udr\u017eate\u013enos\u0165 bez inkl\u00fazie:<\/strong> Skuto\u010dn\u00e1 udr\u017eate\u013enos\u0165 z\u00e1vis\u00ed od zmysluplnej particip\u00e1cie v\u0161etk\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed na rozhodovan\u00ed, pri\u010dom sa vyh\u00fdba iba form\u00e1lnemu zapojeniu (tzv. tokenizmu). Je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 akt\u00edvne zap\u00e1ja\u0165 \u0161tudentov z r\u00f4znych prostred\u00ed do tvorby u\u010debn\u00fdch osnov, navrhovania aktiv\u00edt (napr. pl\u00e1novania exkurzi\u00ed) \u010di prispievania k \u0161kolsk\u00fdm pl\u00e1nom udr\u017eate\u013enosti.<\/li>\n
  • Marginalizovan\u00e9 hlasy:<\/strong> Inkl\u00fazia znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v\u0161etci \u0161tudenti, najm\u00e4 t\u00ed z marginalizovan\u00fdch skup\u00edn, musia ma\u0165 re\u00e1lny vplyv v riadiacich \u0161trukt\u00farach \u0161k\u00f4l (\u0161tudentsk\u00e9 rady a v\u00fdbory). Spravodliv\u00e9 spolo\u010densk\u00e9 premeny nastan\u00fa len vtedy, ke\u010f sa na nich plnohodnotne z\u00fa\u010dast\u0148uj\u00fa v\u0161etky skupiny obyvate\u013estva.<\/li>\n
  • Prirodzen\u00e9 prepojenie v ekologick\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1ch:<\/strong> \u0160koly so siln\u00fdm environment\u00e1lnym zameran\u00edm spravidla vynikaj\u00fa aj v inkl\u00fazii. U\u010denie sa pre udr\u017eate\u013enos\u0165 toti\u017e podnecuje \u00fa\u010das\u0165 a kritick\u00e9 prem\u00fd\u0161\u013eanie o soci\u00e1lnej a environment\u00e1lnej spravodlivosti (napr. o nerovnomern\u00fdch dopadoch klimatick\u00fdch zmien).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \n

    Prehodnotenie \u00faspechu: Od v\u00fdkonu k celostn\u00e9mu blahobytu<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Inkluz\u00edvne a udr\u017eate\u013en\u00e9 vzdel\u00e1vanie spochyb\u0148uje tradi\u010dn\u00e9, individualistick\u00e9 modely \u00faspechu<\/strong>. Tie \u010dasto klad\u00fa jednostrann\u00fd d\u00f4raz na akademick\u00fd v\u00fdkon jednotlivca. Nov\u00fd pr\u00edstup pres\u00fava pozornos\u0165 na celostn\u00fd blahobyt (well-being), kolekt\u00edvne konanie a rozvoj zru\u010dnost\u00ed potrebn\u00fdch pre inkluz\u00edvnu spolo\u010dnos\u0165.<\/p>\n

    Ke\u010f \u0161kolsk\u00e9 syst\u00e9my uprednost\u0148uj\u00fa akademick\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky pred celostn\u00fdmi v\u00fdstupmi, vznik\u00e1 nap\u00e4tie, ktor\u00e9 vyvol\u00e1va ot\u00e1zky o skuto\u010dnom \u00fa\u010dele vzdel\u00e1vania a h\u013eadan\u00ed rovnov\u00e1hy medzi ekonomick\u00fdmi cie\u013emi a ochranou \u013eud\u00ed \u010di plan\u00e9ty. Tento posun si vy\u017eaduje aj inkluz\u00edvnej\u0161ie met\u00f3dy hodnotenia<\/strong>. Tradi\u010dn\u00e9 p\u00edsomn\u00e9 sk\u00fa\u0161ky by sa mali nahradi\u0165 kreat\u00edvnymi formami (napr. videoprojektmi \u010di digit\u00e1lnymi n\u00e1strojmi), ktor\u00e9 lep\u0161ie a spravodlivej\u0161ie zachyt\u00e1vaj\u00fa r\u00f4znorod\u00e9 zru\u010dnosti \u017eiakov.<\/p>\n

    \n

    Od vzdel\u00e1vac\u00edch polit\u00edk k \u0161kolskej praxi<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Premena \u0161kolstva si vy\u017eaduje jasn\u00fa politick\u00fa podporu a zmeny v osnov\u00e1ch:<\/p>\n

    Inkluz\u00edvna tvorba polit\u00edk a prierezov\u00e9 kurikulum<\/h4>\n

    Samotn\u00fd proces navrhovania vzdel\u00e1vac\u00edch polit\u00edk mus\u00ed by\u0165 inkluz\u00edvny. K stolu musia zasadn\u00fa\u0165 z\u00e1stupcovia rod\u00edn, odbory, organiz\u00e1cie zastupuj\u00face pedagogick\u00fdch zamestnancov a samotn\u00ed \u0161tudenti. V Portugalsku<\/strong> napr\u00edklad \u0161tudenti po\u010das ned\u00e1vnej kurikul\u00e1rnej reformy predkladali vlastn\u00e9 n\u00e1vrhy a priamo diskutovali s politick\u00fdmi in\u0161tit\u00faciami, \u010d\u00edm re\u00e1lne ovplyvnili jej smerovanie.<\/p>\n

    U\u010debn\u00e9 osnovy by nemali by\u0165 pr\u00edsne rozdelen\u00e9 pod\u013ea predmetov. Nov\u00e9 pr\u00edstupy integruj\u00fa udr\u017eate\u013enos\u0165 a inkl\u00faziu ako prierezov\u00e9 vzdel\u00e1vacie oblasti<\/strong>. Prebiehaj\u00faca reforma v \u00cdrsku<\/strong> sa sna\u017e\u00ed otvori\u0165 priestor pre interdisciplin\u00e1rne a inkluz\u00edvne vzdel\u00e1vanie, ktor\u00e9 citlivo odr\u00e1\u017ea r\u00f4znorod\u00fa realitu \u0161tudentov.<\/p>\n

    Prenos politiky do praxe<\/h4>\n

    V Portugalsku sa pr\u00edstup k inkluz\u00edvnemu vzdel\u00e1vaniu vyzna\u010duje d\u00f4razom na format\u00edvne hodnotenie, flexibilitou pre u\u010dite\u013eov, prep\u00e1jan\u00edm \u013eudsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v s inkl\u00faziou vo vzdel\u00e1van\u00ed u\u010dite\u013eov a programami mentoringu a bezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho prostredia. Podobne aj \u0160v\u00e9dsko<\/strong> realizuje n\u00e1rodn\u00e9 programy zameran\u00e9 na inkluz\u00edvne vzdel\u00e1vacie prostredie, k\u00fdm N\u00f3rsko<\/strong> sa dlhodobo s\u00fastred\u00ed na kampane proti \u0161ikane.<\/p>\n

    \n

    Podpora u\u010dite\u013eov a vedenia \u0161k\u00f4l: K\u013e\u00fa\u010d k \u00faspe\u0161nej zmene<\/strong><\/p>\n

    U\u010ditelia v po\u010diato\u010dnom aj kontinu\u00e1lnom vzdel\u00e1van\u00ed bud\u00fa formova\u0165 na\u0161u spolo\u010dnos\u0165 po cel\u00e9 desa\u0165ro\u010dia.<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Vzdel\u00e1vanie u\u010dite\u013eov:<\/strong> Do pr\u00edpravy u\u010dite\u013eov je potrebn\u00e9 za\u010dleni\u0165 silnej\u0161ie prierezov\u00e9 zameranie na udr\u017eate\u013enos\u0165 a inkl\u00faziu. K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 s\u00fa pr\u00edstupy orientovan\u00e9 na spravodlivos\u0165 a epistemick\u00fa spravodlivos\u0165 (epistemic justice), ktor\u00e9 spochyb\u0148uj\u00fa dominantn\u00e9 sp\u00f4soby poznania a oce\u0148uj\u00fa r\u00f4znorod\u00e9 perspekt\u00edvy.<\/li>\n
    • Vedenie \u0161k\u00f4l (Whole-School Approach):<\/strong> Metodick\u00e9 usmernenia pre v\u0161etk\u00fdch zamestnancov splnomoc\u0148uj\u00fa l\u00eddrov \u0161k\u00f4l, aby sa t\u00e9me inkl\u00fazie a udr\u017eate\u013enosti venovali integrovan\u00fdm a holistick\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom prostredn\u00edctvom pr\u00edstupu zameran\u00e9ho na cel\u00fa \u0161kolu.<\/li>\n
    • U\u010ditelia potrebuj\u00fa zdroje:<\/strong> Pedag\u00f3govia s\u00fa pod \u010dasov\u00fdm tlakom a trpia nedostatkom prostriedkov. Potrebuj\u00fa cielen\u00fa podporu, pr\u00edstup k hotov\u00fdm, vysokokvalitn\u00fdm u\u010debn\u00fdm materi\u00e1lom a uznanie prostredn\u00edctvom certifik\u00e1ci\u00ed. Tvorcovia polit\u00edk musia podporova\u0165 in\u0161tit\u00facie, ktor\u00e9 tieto materi\u00e1ly vyv\u00edjaj\u00fa a centralizuj\u00fa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \n

      Partnerstv\u00e1 a celostn\u00e1 starostlivos\u0165 o zdravie a blahobyt<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Modern\u00e9 vzdel\u00e1vanie si vy\u017eaduje prekro\u010denie hran\u00edc samotnej \u0161koly a rozvoj \u0161ir\u0161ej spolupr\u00e1ce:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Celostn\u00fd pr\u00edstup k potreb\u00e1m \u0161tudentov:<\/strong> Ch\u00e1panie potrieb \u0161tudentov sa u\u017e d\u00e1vno neobmedzuje len na ich akademick\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky. Dnes zah\u0155\u0148a psychologick\u00e9, socio-ekonomick\u00e9, kult\u00farne potreby, ot\u00e1zky spojen\u00e9 s rodom, sexualitou, zdravotn\u00fdm znev\u00fdhodnen\u00edm \u010di neurodiverzitou. Nevyhnutn\u00e1 je preto \u00fazka spolupr\u00e1ca u\u010dite\u013eov, vedenia \u0161k\u00f4l, psychol\u00f3gov a soci\u00e1lnych pracovn\u00edkov v r\u00e1mci \u0161ir\u0161ej podpornej siete.<\/li>\n
      • Vyu\u017eitie sily priemyseln\u00fdch partnerstiev:<\/strong> Pr\u00edkladom \u00faspe\u0161n\u00e9ho prepojenia biznisu a \u0161kolstva je projekt Microsoft Dream Space<\/strong> v \u00cdrsku. Tento inovat\u00edvny STEM hub spolupracuje s v\u00fdskumn\u00edkmi a tvorcami polit\u00edk na zlep\u0161ovan\u00ed vzdel\u00e1vania u\u010dite\u013eov na z\u00e1klade re\u00e1lne identifikovan\u00fdch ch\u00fdb v zru\u010dnostiach. Pon\u00faka vzdel\u00e1vacie programy pre u\u010dite\u013eov (Teacher Academies), program STEM Passport for Inclusion a vzdel\u00e1vacie telev\u00edzne rel\u00e1cie ako Dream Space TV Code Green<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \n

        Praktick\u00e9 iniciat\u00edvy a zdroje pre pedag\u00f3gov<\/strong><\/p>\n

        Pre u\u010dite\u013eov, ktor\u00ed chc\u00fa tieto princ\u00edpy zavies\u0165 do praxe, existuje viacero bezplatn\u00fdch zdrojov podporovan\u00fdch E\u00da a \u010fal\u0161\u00edmi organiz\u00e1ciami:<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Odpor\u00fa\u010dania E\u00da:<\/strong> Inkluz\u00edvne vzdel\u00e1vanie je zakotven\u00e9 v Eur\u00f3pskom pilieri soci\u00e1lnych pr\u00e1v. Odpor\u00fa\u010dania ako Pathways to School Success<\/em> (Cesty k \u00faspechu v \u0161kole) presadzuj\u00fa syst\u00e9mov\u00fd pr\u00edstup k podpore znev\u00fdhodnen\u00fdch skup\u00edn \u017eiakov.<\/li>\n
        2. Eurydice a UNESCO:<\/strong> Eurydice monitoruje diverzitu v \u0161kol\u00e1ch. UNESCO pon\u00faka metodick\u00e9 bal\u00ed\u010dky na podporu inkl\u00fazie a vzdel\u00e1vania k udr\u017eate\u013enosti s oh\u013eadom na kult\u00farnu rozmanitos\u0165.<\/li>\n
        3. Greenpeace:<\/strong> Poskytuje vzdel\u00e1vacie materi\u00e1ly, ako je nemeck\u00fd projekt Schools for Earth<\/em> (\u0160koly pre Zem) alebo metodick\u00fd bal\u00ed\u010dek Plastic-Free Future<\/em> (Bud\u00facnos\u0165 bez plastov) pre u\u010dite\u013eov.<\/li>\n
        4. CopGendered:<\/strong> Eur\u00f3psky projekt programu Erasmus+, ktor\u00fd sa \u0161pecializuje na vz\u0165ahy medzi rodovou nerovnos\u0165ou a klimatickou kr\u00edzou, pri\u010dom pon\u00faka informa\u010dn\u00e9 dokumenty v siedmich jazykoch.<\/li>\n
        5. Projekty TSI a JustEd:<\/strong> Projekt TSI pom\u00e1ha odstra\u0148ova\u0165 region\u00e1lne rozdiely v inkluz\u00edvnom vzdel\u00e1van\u00ed v Taliansku, Portugalsku a \u0160panielsku. JustEd zasa vydal praktick\u00fa pr\u00edru\u010dku pre stredo\u0161kolsk\u00fdch u\u010dite\u013eov zameran\u00fa na integr\u00e1ciu aspektov spravodlivosti do vyu\u010dovania.<\/li>\n
        6. British Council:<\/strong> Vyvinul vzdel\u00e1vac\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dek \u201eKlimatick\u00e9 zmeny a vzdel\u00e1vanie diev\u010dat\u201c<\/em> ur\u010den\u00fd pre pr\u00e1cu so \u0161tudentmi vo veku 11\u201317 rokov.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Vzdel\u00e1vanie ako invest\u00edcia do bud\u00facnosti<\/strong><\/p>\n

          Prepojenie inkl\u00fazie a vzdel\u00e1vania pre udr\u017eate\u013enos\u0165 nie je len modern\u00fdm trendom, ale z\u00e1kladn\u00fdm predpokladom pre vybudovanie odolnej a spravodlivej Eur\u00f3py. Vy\u017eaduje si to v\u0161ak odvahu prehodnoti\u0165 doteraj\u0161ie vzorce \u00faspechu, investova\u0165 do pr\u00edpravy u\u010dite\u013eov a poskytn\u00fa\u0165 \u0161kol\u00e1m potrebn\u00e9 materi\u00e1lne a odborn\u00e9 z\u00e1zemie. Cesta k udr\u017eate\u013enosti sa za\u010d\u00edna v triede, v ktorej m\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00e9 die\u0165a svoje miesto a jeho hlas je zmysluplne vypo\u010dut\u00fd. JRi&CO2AI\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Spravodliv\u00e1, zelen\u00e1 a koherentn\u00e1 Eur\u00f3pa investuje do blahobytu v\u0161etk\u00fdch svojich ob\u010danov, pri\u010dom chr\u00e1ni zdravie plan\u00e9ty. Na dosiahnutie tejto v\u00edzie je k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fd inkluz\u00edvny a na bud\u00facnos\u0165 orientovan\u00fd vzdel\u00e1vac\u00ed syst\u00e9m, ktor\u00fd<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39402","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uhlikova_gramotnost"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39402","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39402"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39402\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39407,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39402\/revisions\/39407"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39402"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39402"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39402"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}