{"id":39388,"date":"2026-08-11T08:31:20","date_gmt":"2026-08-11T06:31:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/?p=39388"},"modified":"2026-08-11T08:32:07","modified_gmt":"2026-08-11T06:32:07","slug":"nova-era-cbam-ako-expanzia-uhlikoveho-cla-od-roku-2028-zasiahne-globalny-priemysel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/2026\/08\/11\/nova-era-cbam-ako-expanzia-uhlikoveho-cla-od-roku-2028-zasiahne-globalny-priemysel\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0640 CBAM: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2028 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 (CBAM) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627. <!--more-->ukazovate\u013eom; transformuj\u00fa sa na <strong>priame ekonomick\u00e9 n\u00e1klady<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu bezprostredne ovplyvni\u0165 ceny, mar\u017ee a celkov\u00fa konkurencieschopnos\u0165 na eur\u00f3pskom trhu.<\/p>\n<p>V \u0161ir\u0161om zmysle je CBAM s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou <strong>dlhodob\u00e9ho \u0161truktur\u00e1lneho posunu v regul\u00e1cii glob\u00e1lneho obchodu<\/strong>. Spolo\u010dnosti, ktor\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017eu integrova\u0165 riadenie emisi\u00ed, dekarboniz\u00e1ciu dod\u00e1vate\u013esk\u00e9ho re\u0165azca a udr\u017eate\u013en\u00e9 z\u00edskavanie zdrojov do svojej biznis strat\u00e9gie, bud\u00fa ove\u013ea lep\u0161ie pripraven\u00e9 \u010deli\u0165 nov\u00fdm regula\u010dn\u00fdm rizik\u00e1m.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>1. Zamedzenie dvojit\u00e9ho oce\u0148ovania uhl\u00edka<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>D\u00f4le\u017eitou vlastnos\u0165ou cel\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu je snaha o spravodlivos\u0165 a uznanie u\u017e zaplaten\u00fdch n\u00e1kladov na dekarboniz\u00e1ciu v krajine p\u00f4vodu. Ak napr\u00edklad k\u00f3rejsk\u00ed v\u00fdrobcovia preuk\u00e1zate\u013ene vynalo\u017eili finan\u010dn\u00e9 prostriedky na uhl\u00edk v r\u00e1mci svojho dom\u00e1ceho (k\u00f3rejsk\u00e9ho) re\u017eimu obchodovania s emisiami, m\u00f4\u017eu po\u017eiada\u0165 o <strong>zodpovedaj\u00face \u00fapravy na zn\u00ed\u017eenie svojich z\u00e1v\u00e4zkov CBAM<\/strong>. Tento mechanizmus sl\u00fa\u017ei ako k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fd n\u00e1stroj na zmiernenie rizika dvojit\u00e9ho oce\u0148ovania.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. V\u00fdrazn\u00e9 roz\u0161\u00edrenie p\u00f4sobnosti od roku 2028<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Eur\u00f3pska komisia predlo\u017eila 17. decembra 2025 legislat\u00edvny n\u00e1vrh, ktor\u00fd pl\u00e1nuje od roku 2028 podstatne roz\u0161\u00edri\u0165 z\u00e1ber tohto mechanizmu. Pravidl\u00e1 by sa mali nanovo vz\u0165ahova\u0165 na <strong>pribli\u017ene 180 nadv\u00e4zuj\u00facich produktov<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 obsahuj\u00fa oce\u013e alebo hlin\u00edk, \u010do zasiahne mno\u017estvo \u010fal\u0161\u00edch priemyseln\u00fdch odvetv\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Pod\u013ea n\u00e1vrhu bud\u00fa pod CBAM patri\u0165 napr\u00edklad:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>N\u00e1kladn\u00e9 vozidl\u00e1<\/strong> a vybran\u00e9 \u00fa\u017eitkov\u00e9 vozidl\u00e1;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Motory<\/strong> a r\u00f4zne priemyseln\u00e9 stroje;<\/li>\n<li>Stavebn\u00e9 a manipula\u010dn\u00e9 zariadenia;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Transform\u00e1tory<\/strong>, elektrick\u00e9 motory a in\u00e9 vybran\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 zariadenia;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dom\u00e1ce spotrebi\u010de<\/strong> vr\u00e1tane chladni\u010diek, pr\u00e1\u010dok \u010di su\u0161i\u010diek;<\/li>\n<li>\u0160irok\u00e1 \u0161k\u00e1la \u010fal\u0161\u00edch priemyseln\u00fdch v\u00fdrobkov obsahuj\u00facich hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 alebo oce\u013eov\u00e9 komponenty.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>3. Selekt\u00edvne zacielenie na komponenty a odstra\u0148ovanie legislat\u00edvnych medzier<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1sadnou komplik\u00e1ciou pre podniky je skuto\u010dnos\u0165, \u017ee povinnosti spojen\u00e9 so CBAM sa m\u00f4\u017eu vz\u0165ahova\u0165 <strong>selekt\u00edvne na konkr\u00e9tne materi\u00e1ly a komponenty<\/strong> vo vn\u00fatri komplexn\u00e9ho produktu, a nie plo\u0161ne na cel\u00fd fin\u00e1lny v\u00fdrobok. V\u00fdrobcovia preto musia detailne pozna\u0165 nielen coln\u00fa klasifik\u00e1ciu tovaru, ale aj presn\u00e9 materi\u00e1lov\u00e9 zlo\u017eenie ka\u017ed\u00e9ho jedn\u00e9ho komponentu.<\/p>\n<p>Rada E\u00da navy\u0161e v j\u00fani 2026 navrhla \u010fal\u0161ie roz\u0161\u00edrenie CBAM o <strong>pribli\u017ene 200 polo\u017eiek s vysokou spotrebou ocele a kovov\u00e9ho \u0161rotu<\/strong>. Cie\u013eom tohto kroku je efekt\u00edvne zapl\u00e1ta\u0165 diery v z\u00e1konoch, ktor\u00e9 by firm\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148ovali unika\u0165 pred n\u00e1kladmi na uhl\u00edk. Tento n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1rove\u0148 <strong>posil\u0148uje presadzovacie pr\u00e1vomoci Eur\u00f3pskej komisie<\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 bude m\u00f4c\u0165 priamo zakro\u010di\u0165 vo\u010di vysokorizikov\u00fdm spolo\u010dnostiam predkladaj\u00facim nepravdiv\u00e9 alebo klamliv\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. Praktick\u00e9 odpor\u00fa\u010dania pre podniky na zabezpe\u010denie s\u00faladu<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Aby si firmy udr\u017eali poz\u00edciu na eur\u00f3pskom trhu, ich \u00fasilie sa mus\u00ed presun\u00fa\u0165 od jednoduch\u00e9ho reportovania k strategick\u00e9mu pl\u00e1novaniu. Odborn\u00edci odpor\u00fa\u010daj\u00fa zamera\u0165 sa na tieto tri piliare:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Zavedenie intern\u00fdch merac\u00edch syst\u00e9mov:<\/strong> Spolo\u010dnosti by mali vybudova\u0165 syst\u00e9my schopn\u00e9 presne mera\u0165 emisie priamo na \u00farovni jednotliv\u00fdch produktov a uchov\u00e1va\u0165 verifikovate\u013en\u00e9 \u00fadaje. Pou\u017e\u00edvanie skuto\u010dn\u00fdch emisi\u00ed namiesto tabu\u013ekov\u00fdch (predvolen\u00fdch) hodn\u00f4t je najlep\u0161ou cestou, ako minimalizova\u0165 finan\u010dn\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenie vypl\u00fdvaj\u00face zo CBAM.<\/li>\n<li><strong>U\u017e\u0161ia koordin\u00e1cia v dod\u00e1vate\u013eskom re\u0165azci:<\/strong> N\u00e1kup uhl\u00edkov\u00fdch certifik\u00e1tov si vy\u017eaduje prec\u00edznu koordin\u00e1ciu medzi zahrani\u010dn\u00fdmi export\u00e9rmi a dovozcami v r\u00e1mci E\u00da. Obchodn\u00e9 dohody by mali vopred jasne definova\u0165 zdie\u013eanie \u00fadajov, zodpovednos\u0165 za audit emisi\u00ed a presn\u00e9 rozdelenie finan\u010dn\u00fdch n\u00e1kladov spojen\u00fdch so CBAM.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Komplexn\u00e9 hodnotenie riz\u00edk:<\/strong> Vzh\u013eadom na expanziu mechanizmu aj na nadv\u00e4zuj\u00face produkty musia podniky prehodnoti\u0165 svoje rizik\u00e1 komplexne. Nesta\u010d\u00ed pozna\u0165 iba coln\u00fd k\u00f3d \u2013 je nutn\u00e9 analyzova\u0165 cel\u00fa \u0161trukt\u00faru dod\u00e1vate\u013esk\u00e9ho re\u0165azca a profily zabudovan\u00fdch emisi\u00ed vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch vstupoch. <em><strong>JRi&amp;CO2AI<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 (CBAM) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39388","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uhlikove-cla"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39388","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39388"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39388\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39390,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39388\/revisions\/39390"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39388"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39388"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39388"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}