{"id":39380,"date":"2026-08-10T12:41:56","date_gmt":"2026-08-10T10:41:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/?p=39380"},"modified":"2026-08-10T12:42:36","modified_gmt":"2026-08-10T10:42:36","slug":"zavadzanie-prirodnych-rieseni-nbs-s-cielom-posilnit-klimaticku-odolnost-europskych-miest","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/2026\/08\/10\/zavadzanie-prirodnych-rieseni-nbs-s-cielom-posilnit-klimaticku-odolnost-europskych-miest\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0627\u064b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. infra\u0161trukt\u00faru obrovsk\u00e9mu tlaku. Tradi\u010dn\u00e9 in\u017einierske rie\u0161enia, zn\u00e1me ako \u201esiv\u00e1\u201c infra\u0161trukt\u00fara, nar\u00e1\u017eaj\u00fa na svoje kapacitn\u00e9 a technologick\u00e9 limity.<\/p>\n

1. Klimatick\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy a limity \u201esivej\u201c infra\u0161trukt\u00fary<\/strong><\/h4>\n

V tomto kontexte vystupuj\u00fa do popredia pr\u00edrodn\u00e9 rie\u0161enia (Nature-Based Solutions \u2013 NBS)<\/strong> ako k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fd a strategick\u00fd n\u00e1stroj na posilnenie klimatickej odolnosti miest. NBS nielen\u017ee zmier\u0148uj\u00fa klimatick\u00e9 rizik\u00e1, ale prin\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa aj v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 synergick\u00e9 efekty v podobe podpory biodiverzity, soci\u00e1lnej inkl\u00fazie a celkov\u00e9ho zlep\u0161enia kvality \u017eivota obyvate\u013eov v mestskom prostred\u00ed. Napriek ich obrovsk\u00e9mu potenci\u00e1lu v\u0161ak systematick\u00e1 integr\u00e1cia NBS do \u00fazemn\u00e9ho pl\u00e1novania a rozhodovac\u00edch procesov v eur\u00f3pskom meradle doteraz nar\u00e1\u017eala na fragment\u00e1ciu a nedostato\u010dn\u00e9 metodick\u00e9 usmernenie.<\/p>\n

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2. \u017divotn\u00fd cyklus NBS pod\u013ea projektu NBSINFRA<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Pre \u00faspe\u0161n\u00e9 zav\u00e1dzanie pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch rie\u0161en\u00ed je nevyhnutn\u00e9 opusti\u0165 koncept izolovan\u00fdch z\u00e1sahov a prejs\u0165 k holistick\u00e9mu pr\u00edstupu zalo\u017een\u00e9mu na \u017eivotnom cykle projektu. Projekt NBSINFRA<\/a><\/span> tento pr\u00edstup definuje prostredn\u00edctvom piatich vz\u00e1jomne prepojen\u00fdch a iterat\u00edvnych f\u00e1z:<\/p>\n

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  1. Hodnotenie (Assessment):<\/strong> Hlbok\u00e9 pochopenie lok\u00e1lneho kontextu, anal\u00fdza riz\u00edk, zranite\u013enost\u00ed, potrieb infra\u0161trukt\u00fary a identifik\u00e1cia pr\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed, kde m\u00f4\u017eu NBS prinies\u0165 najvy\u0161\u0161iu pridan\u00fa hodnotu.<\/li>\n
  2. Pl\u00e1novanie a dizajn (Planning & Design):<\/strong> Spolo\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1vrh rie\u0161en\u00ed (co-design) so zapojen\u00edm v\u0161etk\u00fdch k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch zainteresovan\u00fdch str\u00e1n a verejnosti s vyu\u017eit\u00edm d\u00e1t, kreativity a modern\u00fdch digit\u00e1lnych n\u00e1strojov.<\/li>\n
  3. Implement\u00e1cia (Implementation):<\/strong> Samotn\u00e1 realiz\u00e1cia a nasadenie vybran\u00fdch pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch rie\u0161en\u00ed priamo v ter\u00e9ne, ktor\u00e1 si vy\u017eaduje \u00fazke zos\u00faladenie technick\u00fdch, regula\u010dn\u00fdch a organiza\u010dn\u00fdch parametrov.<\/li>\n
  4. Prev\u00e1dzka a \u00fadr\u017eba (Operation & Maintenance):<\/strong> Dlhodob\u00e9 riadenie, rutinn\u00e1 starostlivos\u0165 a adapt\u00edvny mana\u017ement, ktor\u00e9 zaru\u010duj\u00fa trval\u00fa funk\u010dnos\u0165 ekosyst\u00e9mov\u00fdch slu\u017eieb NBS.<\/li>\n
  5. Monitorovanie a hodnotenie (Monitoring & Evaluation):<\/strong> Priebe\u017en\u00e9 sledovanie technick\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu, environment\u00e1lnych a soci\u00e1lnych pr\u00ednosov, \u010d\u00edm sa uzatv\u00e1ra cyklus u\u010denia sa a optimaliz\u00e1cie pre bud\u00face replik\u00e1cie.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \n

    3. Pr\u00edklady z praxe: P\u00e4\u0165 eur\u00f3pskych mestsk\u00fdch laborat\u00f3ri\u00ed (City Labs)<\/strong><\/h4>\n

    Praktick\u00fa aplik\u00e1ciu tohto \u017eivotn\u00e9ho cyklu demon\u0161truje p\u00e4\u0165 mestsk\u00fdch laborat\u00f3ri\u00ed v r\u00e1mci projektu NBSINFRA, z ktor\u00fdch ka\u017ed\u00e9 prin\u00e1\u0161a jedine\u010dn\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti z r\u00f4znych f\u00e1z implement\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Ruse (Bulharsko):<\/strong> Toto dunajsk\u00e9 mesto \u010del\u00ed rizik\u00e1m z\u00e1plav, zemetrasen\u00ed a sadania p\u00f4dy. V r\u00e1mci f\u00e1zy hodnotenia mesto \u00faspe\u0161ne integrovalo lok\u00e1lne GIS d\u00e1ta s dru\u017eicov\u00fdmi \u00fadajmi programu \u0643\u0648\u0628\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0633<\/strong> (vr\u00e1tane Sentinel d\u00e1t zameran\u00fdch na vegeta\u010dn\u00fa fenol\u00f3giu a European Ground Motion Service). V\u010faka overovaniu metodikou \u201eCheck by Monitoring\u201c sa podarilo odstr\u00e1ni\u0165 topologick\u00e9 chyby v katastri a vytvori\u0165 spo\u013eahliv\u00e9 mapy riz\u00edk. Pre v\u010dasn\u00e9 varovanie pred povod\u0148ami bola in\u0161talovan\u00e1 monitorovacia sie\u0165 ACWA<\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 v re\u00e1lnom \u010dase poskytuje environment\u00e1lne d\u00e1ta priamo do mestsk\u00e9ho rozhodovacieho syst\u00e9mu.<\/li>\n
    • Fingal (\u00cdrsko) a Aveiro (Portugalsko):<\/strong> Tieto laborat\u00f3ri\u00e1 uk\u00e1zali silu ko-dizajnu a participat\u00edvneho pl\u00e1novania. Fingal vyu\u017eil kombin\u00e1ciu expertn\u00e9ho modelovania povodn\u00ed s n\u00e1strojmi ako CartoSpot<\/strong> na zber podnetov od ob\u010danov, \u010d\u00edm konsolidoval 28 projektov do jednotnej strat\u00e9gie odolnosti. Aveiro rie\u0161ilo bleskov\u00e9 povodne na potoku Vilar (Ribeira de Vilar<\/strong>) v prostred\u00ed s roztrie\u0161ten\u00fdm s\u00fakromn\u00fdm vlastn\u00edctvom pozemkov. Mesto nasadilo hybridn\u00fd anal\u00f3govo-digit\u00e1lny pr\u00edstup (kombin\u00e1cia rozhovorov, tla\u010den\u00fdch m\u00e1p a platformy Geodesignhub<\/strong>). V\u00fdnimo\u010dn\u00fdm krokom bolo zapojenie det\u00ed a ml\u00e1de\u017ee pomocou hry CartoSpot, kreslenia a modelovania z Lega, \u010do pomohlo premeni\u0165 vn\u00edmanie vody z hrozby na zdroj mestskej identity a pr\u00edle\u017eitosti.<\/li>\n
    • Praha (\u010cesko):<\/strong> Pra\u017esk\u00e9 laborat\u00f3rium demon\u0161truje technick\u00fa realiz\u00e1ciu a pr\u00ednos dlhodob\u00e9ho monitoringu na \u0161tyroch \u0161pecifick\u00fdch lokalit\u00e1ch. V\u00fdskumn\u00e9 centrum CTU UCEEB<\/strong> testovalo experiment\u00e1lne zelen\u00e9 strechy, bioretencie a hybridn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my. V\u00fdskum potvrdil, \u017ee substr\u00e1ty obohaten\u00e9 o bio-uhlie (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a<\/strong>) maj\u00fa o 15\u201320 % vy\u0161\u0161iu schopnos\u0165 zadr\u017eiava\u0165 vodu<\/strong> a vykazuj\u00fa lep\u0161\u00ed teplotn\u00fd tlmiv\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok. Stredn\u00e1 \u0161kola \u010ceskobrodsk\u00e1<\/strong> predstavila biosol\u00e1rnu strechu<\/strong> kombinuj\u00facu extenz\u00edvnu zele\u0148 s fotovoltick\u00fdmi panelmi. V\u00fdskum uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee hoci tesn\u00e1 mont\u00e1\u017e panelov (6 cm nad substr\u00e1tom) obmedzila pr\u00edstup zr\u00e1\u017eok pod ne, substr\u00e1t pod fotovoltikou bol v zime teplotne stabilnej\u0161\u00ed, \u010do v\u00fdznamne pred\u013a\u017eilo \u017eivotnos\u0165 hydroizola\u010dnej membr\u00e1ny. Na kampuse Dejvice sa testoval syst\u00e9m FarmBot s rhizoboxmi, zatia\u013e \u010do v brownfielde Bubny-Z\u00e1tory d\u00e1ta z monitoringu pom\u00e1haj\u00fa navrhova\u0165 NBS pre bud\u00facu \u0161tvr\u0165 pre 25 000 obyvate\u013eov.<\/li>\n
    • Kol\u00edn nad R\u00fdnom (Nemecko):<\/strong> Kol\u00edn m\u00e1 dlhoro\u010dn\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti s protipovod\u0148ovou ochranou na R\u00fdne. V r\u00e1mci f\u00e1zy monitorovania a hodnotenia sa v\u0161ak uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee klimatick\u00e1 zmena prin\u00e1\u0161a nov\u00e9 typy hrozieb, ak\u00fdmi s\u00fa vlny hor\u00fa\u010dav, such\u00e1 a bleskov\u00e9 pr\u00edvalov\u00e9 z\u00e1plavy. Mesto preto pre\u0161lo na tzv. \u201emulti-hazard\u201c pr\u00edstup<\/strong>. Pomocou otvoren\u00fdch d\u00e1t a programu Copernicus zmapovalo existuj\u00facu modro-zelen\u00fa infra\u0161trukt\u00faru a integrovalo ju s prvkami kritickej infra\u0161trukt\u00fary, \u010d\u00edm vytvorilo spo\u013eahliv\u00fd z\u00e1klad pre bud\u00facich pl\u00e1nova\u010dov.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \n

      4. K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 odpor\u00fa\u010dania pre mest\u00e1 a tvorcov polit\u00edk<\/strong><\/h4>\n

      V\u00fdsledky projektu NBSINFRA jasne definuj\u00fa priority pre \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fa replik\u00e1ciu pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch rie\u0161en\u00ed v \u010fal\u0161\u00edch mest\u00e1ch:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Integr\u00e1cia do strategick\u00fdch pl\u00e1nov:<\/strong> NBS by nemali by\u0165 ch\u00e1pan\u00e9 ako dodato\u010dn\u00e9 estetick\u00e9 prvky, ale ako integr\u00e1lna s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 strategick\u00e9ho \u00fazemn\u00e9ho pl\u00e1novania, investi\u010dn\u00fdch programov a strat\u00e9gi\u00ed adapt\u00e1cie na zmenu kl\u00edmy.<\/li>\n
      • Participat\u00edvne vl\u00e1dnutie:<\/strong> Je nutn\u00e9 budova\u0165 d\u00f4veru prostredn\u00edctvom systematick\u00e9ho, v\u010dasn\u00e9ho a inkluz\u00edvneho zap\u00e1jania ob\u010danov, vlastn\u00edkov pozemkov a expertov u\u017e od f\u00e1zy diagnostiky.<\/li>\n
      • Podpora digitaliz\u00e1cie a interoperability:<\/strong> Mest\u00e1 by mali investova\u0165 do modern\u00fdch digit\u00e1lnych n\u00e1strojov (napr. CartoSpot, Geodesignhub, IDSS) a presadzova\u0165 otvoren\u00e9 \u0161tandardy. K\u013e\u00fa\u010dovou inov\u00e1ciou projektu bolo vytvorenie spolo\u010dn\u00e9ho programov\u00e9ho rozhrania (NBSAPI<\/strong>), ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uje bezprobl\u00e9mov\u00fa v\u00fdmenu d\u00e1t medzi r\u00f4znymi pl\u00e1novac\u00edmi n\u00e1strojmi, \u010d\u00edm predch\u00e1dza duplicite d\u00e1t a podporuje rozhodovanie zalo\u017een\u00e9 na d\u00f4kazoch.<\/li>\n
      • Budovanie in\u0161titucion\u00e1lnych kapac\u00edt:<\/strong> Implement\u00e1cia NBS si vy\u017eaduje prekonanie rezortn\u00fdch bari\u00e9r (tzv. in\u0161titucion\u00e1lnych s\u00edl) v r\u00e1mci samospr\u00e1v a prepojenie odborn\u00edkov z oblast\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia, dopravy, financi\u00ed a spr\u00e1vy majetku.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \n

        5. NBS ako strategick\u00e1 invest\u00edcia do bud\u00facnosti<\/strong><\/h4>\n

        Implement\u00e1cia pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch rie\u0161en\u00ed v eur\u00f3pskych mest\u00e1ch u\u017e nie je len ot\u00e1zkou environment\u00e1lneho aktivizmu alebo estetick\u00e9ho vylep\u0161enia verejn\u00e9ho priestoru. Sk\u00fasenosti z projektu NBSINFRA presved\u010divo dokazuj\u00fa, \u017ee ide o vysoko efekt\u00edvnu strategick\u00fa invest\u00edciu do dlhodobej bezpe\u010dnosti, zdravia a ekonomickej stability mestsk\u00fdch komun\u00edt. Prechod od reakt\u00edvneho kr\u00edzov\u00e9ho riadenia k proakt\u00edvnemu pl\u00e1novaniu odolnosti \u2013 postaven\u00e9mu na robustn\u00fdch d\u00e1tach, inkluz\u00edvnom pl\u00e1novan\u00ed a prepojen\u00ed s technickou infra\u0161trukt\u00farou \u2013 predstavuje jedin\u00fa schodn\u00fa cestu k udr\u017eate\u013enej bud\u00facnosti eur\u00f3pskeho mestsk\u00e9ho priestoru. JRi&CO2AI<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

         <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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