{"id":39169,"date":"2026-05-06T20:02:47","date_gmt":"2026-05-06T18:02:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/?p=39169"},"modified":"2026-05-07T06:22:53","modified_gmt":"2026-05-07T04:22:53","slug":"drasticky-ubytok-biodiverzity-a-narusenie-ekosystemov-nasa-planeta-na-pokraji-kolapsu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/2026\/05\/06\/drasticky-ubytok-biodiverzity-a-narusenie-ekosystemov-nasa-planeta-na-pokraji-kolapsu\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064c \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629: \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647<!--more--> mierou nedbanlivosti, ak\u00e1 by bola v akomko\u013evek inom ekonomickom sektore nepredstavite\u013en\u00e1. Strata glob\u00e1lnej biodiverzity a degrad\u00e1cia ekosyst\u00e9mov u\u017e teraz priamo ohrozuj\u00fa odolnos\u0165, bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 a prosperitu celej na\u0161ej spolo\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00da\u010dtovn\u00e1 kniha pr\u00edrody a nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 body zlomu<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Predstavte si pr\u00edrodu ako obrovsk\u00fa, prepojen\u00fa \u00fa\u010dtovn\u00fa knihu \u2013 finan\u010dn\u00fa s\u00favahu obsahuj\u00facu v\u0161etko \u017eiv\u00e9, kde ka\u017ed\u00fd ekosyst\u00e9m predstavuje kritick\u00fd \u00fa\u010det, ktor\u00fd generuje dividendy vo forme \u010dist\u00e9ho vzduchu, \u00farodnej p\u00f4dy, liekov a potravinovej bezpe\u010dnosti. Dnes s\u00fa v\u0161ak mnoh\u00e9 z t\u00fdchto \u00fa\u010dtov pre\u010derpan\u00e9, ke\u010f\u017ee na\u0161e v\u00fdbery (odles\u0148ovanie, zne\u010distenie, nadmern\u00fd rybolov) \u010faleko prevy\u0161uj\u00fa vklady.<\/p>\n<p>\u013dudstvo r\u00fdchlym tempom prekra\u010duje takzvan\u00e9 planet\u00e1rne hranice, \u010d\u00edm tla\u010d\u00ed biosf\u00e9ru k nezvratn\u00fdm bodom zlomu (tipping points). Medzi najv\u00fdraznej\u0161ie hrozby patria:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Odles\u0148ovanie:<\/strong> Tropick\u00e9 pralesy, ktor\u00e9 hostia viac ako 50 % suchozemsk\u00fdch druhov, s\u00fa alarmuj\u00facim tempom kl\u010dovan\u00e9. Len v roku 2024 svet pri\u0161iel o 26,8 mili\u00f3na hekt\u00e1rov prirodzen\u00e9ho lesa, \u010do priamo vyprodukovalo okolo 10 gigaton emisi\u00ed uhl\u00edka. Amazonsk\u00fd prales, ktor\u00fd bol odoln\u00fd viac ako 60 mili\u00f3nov rokov, sa bl\u00ed\u017ei k bodu zlomu, pri\u010dom do roku 2050 by mohlo a\u017e 47 % jeho \u00fazemia dosiahnu\u0165 kritick\u00fd prah, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k re\u0165azovej reakcii a jeho premene na p\u00fa\u0161\u0165.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kolaps ope\u013eova\u010dov:<\/strong> Ope\u013eova\u010de, najm\u00e4 v\u010dely, s\u00fa z\u00e1kladom pre pribli\u017ene tri \u0161tvrtiny glob\u00e1lnej produkcie plod\u00edn, \u010do predstavuje hodnotu viac ako 250 mili\u00e1rd dol\u00e1rov ro\u010dne. Ich \u00fabytok v d\u00f4sledku straty biotopov \u010di pou\u017e\u00edvania pestic\u00eddov znamen\u00e1 obrovsk\u00fa hrozbu pre potravinov\u00fa bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 a m\u00f4\u017ee si vy\u017eiada\u0165 n\u00e1kladn\u00e9 manu\u00e1lne ope\u013eovanie.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Naru\u0161enie morsk\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9mov:<\/strong> Koralov\u00e9 \u00fatesy, ktor\u00e9 podporuj\u00fa 25 % morsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota, by mohli do roku 2050 klesn\u00fa\u0165 a\u017e o 90 % v d\u00f4sledku otep\u013eovania a acidifik\u00e1cie oce\u00e1nov. Ak sa k tomu prid\u00e1 zne\u010distenie a nadmern\u00fd rybolov, hroz\u00ed kolaps cel\u00fdch popul\u00e1ci\u00ed r\u00fdb, od ktor\u00fdch z\u00e1visia lok\u00e1lne komunity i glob\u00e1lny trh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Akon\u00e1hle s\u00fa tieto prahov\u00e9 hodnoty prekro\u010den\u00e9, obnova ekosyst\u00e9mov nemus\u00ed by\u0165 mo\u017en\u00e1. Rizikom u\u017e nie je len volatilita, ale \u00fapln\u00e1 nezvratnos\u0165.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Potravinov\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 na tenkom \u013eade<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Degrad\u00e1cia pr\u00edrody m\u00e1 okam\u017eit\u00fd dopad na na\u0161e potravinov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my. Po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvo vy\u017eaduje stabiln\u00e9 po\u010dasie, zdrav\u00fa p\u00f4du a dostatok vody \u2013 planet\u00e1rne hranice, ktor\u00e9 sme u\u017e naru\u0161ili. Kvalita a zdravie p\u00f4dy celosvetovo prudko klesaj\u00fa; napr\u00edklad v americkom kukuri\u010dnom p\u00e1se vedie degrad\u00e1cia p\u00f4dy k ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdnosom a ro\u010dn\u00fdm strat\u00e1m vo v\u00fd\u0161ke 2,8 miliardy dol\u00e1rov.<\/p>\n<p>Tieto chronick\u00e9 rizik\u00e1 sa sp\u00e1jaj\u00fa s extr\u00e9mnymi v\u00fdkyvmi po\u010dasia. V\u00fdsledkom s\u00fa ni\u017e\u0161ie v\u00fdnosy, pr\u00e1zdne reg\u00e1ly v obchodoch a prudk\u00fd n\u00e1rast cien potrav\u00edn. Len vo Ve\u013ekej Brit\u00e1nii vyletela v roku 2023 infl\u00e1cia cien potrav\u00edn takmer na 20 %, \u010do prispelo k tomu, \u017ee rekordn\u00fdch 9,3 mili\u00f3na \u013eud\u00ed \u010delilo v\u00e1\u017enym existen\u010dn\u00fdm \u0165a\u017ekostiam. <strong>Odborn\u00edci navy\u0161e varuj\u00fa, \u017ee ob\u010dianske nepokoje vo Ve\u013ekej Brit\u00e1nii vyvolan\u00e9 kr\u00edzou potravinov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu s\u00fa v nasleduj\u00facom desa\u0165ro\u010d\u00ed &#8222;aspo\u0148 mo\u017en\u00e9&#8220;<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Syst\u00e9m je mimoriadne zranite\u013en\u00fd aj v\u010faka koncentr\u00e1cii. Viac ako 80 % svetovej p\u0161enice sa produkuje len v desiatich krajin\u00e1ch a glob\u00e1lny obchod ovl\u00e1da h\u0155stka spolo\u010dnost\u00ed. Ak\u00fdko\u013evek lok\u00e1lny ekologick\u00fd \u010di klimatick\u00fd \u0161ok m\u00e1 preto obrovsk\u00fd celosvetov\u00fd dopad.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Zoonotick\u00e9 choroby a hrozba \u010fal\u0161\u00edch pand\u00e9mi\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ni\u010denie pr\u00edrody a strata biodiverzity p\u00f4sobia ako katalyz\u00e1tor pre \u0161\u00edrenie nov\u00fdch infek\u010dn\u00fdch chor\u00f4b. A\u017e 70 % objavuj\u00facich sa chor\u00f4b (ako Ebola, Zika \u010di COVID-19) poch\u00e1dza z mikr\u00f3bov prenesen\u00fdch zo zvierat na \u013eud\u00ed. Je paradoxom, \u017ee ni\u010den\u00edm pr\u00edrody vlastne zvy\u0161ujeme v\u00fdskyt zoonotick\u00fdch chor\u00f4b. Zdrav\u00e1 a r\u00f4znorod\u00e1 pr\u00edroda funguje ako &#8222;zrie\u010fovac\u00ed efekt&#8220; (dilution effect), ktor\u00fd brzd\u00ed \u0161\u00edrenie patog\u00e9nov. Naopak, druhy zvierat, ktor\u00fdm sa dar\u00ed v prostrediach naru\u0161en\u00fdch \u013eudskou \u010dinnos\u0165ou (napr\u00edklad potkany \u010di netopiere), s\u00fa naj\u010dastej\u0161\u00edmi pren\u00e1\u0161a\u010dmi chor\u00f4b.<\/p>\n<p>Zmeny vo vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed p\u00f4dy a odles\u0148ovanie sp\u00f4sobili od roku 1960 viac ako 30 % nov\u00fdch chor\u00f4b, ke\u010f\u017ee kl\u010dovanie pralesov pre po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvo a \u0165a\u017ebu priv\u00e1dza \u013eud\u00ed do \u010doraz u\u017e\u0161ieho kontaktu s divokou pr\u00edrodou. Odhaduje sa, \u017ee existuje 1,7 mili\u00f3na v\u00edrusov, z ktor\u00fdch st\u00e1tis\u00edce maj\u00fa schopnos\u0165 infikova\u0165 \u013eud\u00ed. Zatia\u013e \u010do pand\u00e9mia COVID-19 st\u00e1la glob\u00e1lnu ekonomiku 17 a\u017e 35 bili\u00f3nov dol\u00e1rov, prevent\u00edvne opatrenia zalo\u017een\u00e9 na ochrane pr\u00edrody a obmedzen\u00ed obchodu s div\u00fdmi zvieratami by st\u00e1li len zlomok tejto sumy \u2013 pribli\u017ene 22 a\u017e 31,2 miliardy dol\u00e1rov.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pr\u00edrodn\u00e9 riziko je finan\u010dn\u00fdm rizikom<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pr\u00edroda je z\u00e1kladom 100 % investi\u010dn\u00fdch portf\u00f3li\u00ed. Firmy po celom svete u\u017e poci\u0165uj\u00fa tvrd\u00e9 rany. Napr\u00edklad spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Associated British Foods (ABF) musela v roku 2023 odp\u00edsa\u0165 35 mili\u00f3nov libier pre obrovsk\u00e9 z\u00e1plavy v Mozambiku a s\u00fabe\u017ene \u010delila o 27 % ni\u017e\u0161ej produkcii cukru vo Ve\u013ekej Brit\u00e1nii kv\u00f4li zl\u00e9mu po\u010dasiu. Podobne spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Olam Group zaznamenala vy\u0161e 55 % pokles zisku z ve\u013ekej \u010dasti kv\u00f4li anom\u00e1li\u00e1m vo v\u00fdnosoch mandl\u00ed v Austr\u00e1lii, \u010do je priamym d\u00f4sledkom fyzick\u00e9ho pr\u00edrodn\u00e9ho rizika.<\/p>\n<p>Strata biodiverzity nesie makroekonomick\u00e9 hrozby porovnate\u013en\u00e9 s glob\u00e1lnou finan\u010dnou kr\u00edzou z roku 2008. Ak sa prelomia syst\u00e9my, neexistuje \u017eiadna technologick\u00e1 n\u00e1hrada v dostato\u010dnom rozsahu, ktor\u00e1 by ich dok\u00e1zala zast\u00fapi\u0165.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u010cas na z\u00e1sadn\u00fa zmenu myslenia<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Na\u0161e s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 a finan\u010dn\u00e9 modely s\u00fa vo\u010di tejto realite zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161a slep\u00e9, preto\u017ee nedok\u00e1\u017eu spr\u00e1vne kvantifikova\u0165 zlo\u017eit\u00e9 a neline\u00e1rne rizik\u00e1 ekosyst\u00e9mov. Je nevyhnutn\u00e9, aby vl\u00e1dy a in\u0161tit\u00facie prijali koncept tzv. &#8222;Planet\u00e1rnej platobnej neschopnosti&#8220; (Planetary Solvency) a za\u010dali posudzova\u0165 rizik\u00e1 spolo\u010dne \u2013 nielen prostredn\u00edctvom klimatick\u00fdch modelov, ale formou integrovan\u00fdch klimaticko-pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch scen\u00e1rov.<\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1kladom na\u0161ej prosperity u\u017e nesmie by\u0165 len slep\u00e1 \u0165a\u017eba zdrojov, ale h\u013eadanie rovnov\u00e1hy s pr\u00edrodou. Ochrana a obnova ekosyst\u00e9mov sa mus\u00ed sta\u0165 absol\u00fatnou prioritou n\u00e1rodnej bezpe\u010dnosti a hospod\u00e1rskej strat\u00e9gie. Ignorovanie tohto faktu nepovedie k ni\u010domu in\u00e9mu ne\u017e k nevyhnutn\u00e9mu civiliza\u010dn\u00e9mu kolapsu. Ako sa v spr\u00e1ve zd\u00f4raz\u0148uje, &#8222;jedin\u00fdm rizikom je nekonanie&#8220;. Pr\u00edroda n\u00e1m u\u017e vystavuje \u00fa\u010det a my ho mus\u00edme za\u010da\u0165 spl\u00e1ca\u0165, k\u00fdm nie je neskoro. <em><strong>JRi&amp;CO2AI<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: <a href=\"https:\/\/actuaries.org.uk\/document-library\/thought-leadership\/thought-leadership-campaigns\/climate-papers\/planetary-solvency-tipping-into-the-wild-unknown\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vstup do divokej nezn\u00e1mej pr\u00edrody.<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[43,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39169","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biodiverzita","category-klimaticka-zmena"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39169","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39169"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39169\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39175,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39169\/revisions\/39175"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39169"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39169"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39169"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}