{"id":39145,"date":"2026-04-29T02:58:57","date_gmt":"2026-04-29T00:58:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/?p=39145"},"modified":"2026-04-29T02:59:55","modified_gmt":"2026-04-29T00:59:55","slug":"nova-globalna-agenda-pre-zachranu-raselinisk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/2026\/04\/29\/nova-globalna-agenda-pre-zachranu-raselinisk\/","title":{"rendered":"Nov\u00e1 glob\u00e1lna agenda pre z\u00e1chranu ra\u0161elin\u00edsk"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ra\u0161elinisk\u00e1 s\u00fa mokra\u010fov\u00e9 ekosyst\u00e9my, ktor\u00e9 sa vyzna\u010duj\u00fa hromaden\u00edm \u010diasto\u010dne rozlo\u017een\u00e9ho organick\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu, teda ra\u0161eliny. Hoci pokr\u00fdvaj\u00fa len 3 a\u017e 4 % povrchu pevniny na\u0161ej plan\u00e9ty, ukr\u00fdvaj\u00fa v sebe takmer jednu tretinu celosvetov\u00e9ho p\u00f4dneho uhl\u00edka<\/strong>. Toto obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estvo uhl\u00edka z nich rob\u00ed k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch hr\u00e1\u010dov pri regul\u00e1cii kl\u00edmy, ke\u010f\u017ee pohlcuj\u00fa a ukladaj\u00fa uhl\u00edk na tis\u00edcro\u010dia. Okrem toho ra\u0161elinisk\u00e1 reguluj\u00fa vodn\u00fd re\u017eim, zmier\u0148uj\u00fa povodne, filtruj\u00fa vodu a podporuj\u00fa jedine\u010dn\u00fa biodiverzitu vr\u00e1tane mnoh\u00fdch \u0161pecializovan\u00fdch a endemick\u00fdch druhov.<\/p>\n

Napriek ich nesmiernemu v\u00fdznamu s\u00fa v\u0161ak ra\u0161elinisk\u00e1 po celom svete pod obrovsk\u00fdm tlakom v d\u00f4sledku klimatick\u00fdch zmien a \u013eudsk\u00fdch z\u00e1sahov. Ke\u010f s\u00fa ra\u0161elinisk\u00e1 naru\u0161en\u00e9 alebo odvodnen\u00e9, napr\u00edklad kv\u00f4li po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvu alebo lesn\u00edctvu, menia sa z pohlcova\u010dov uhl\u00edka na jeho \u010dist\u00e9 zdroje, \u010d\u00edm uvo\u013e\u0148uj\u00fa do atmosf\u00e9ry CO2 a \u010fal\u0161ie sklen\u00edkov\u00e9 plyny<\/strong>. Odhaduje sa, \u017ee t\u00e1to degrad\u00e1cia celosvetovo zodpoved\u00e1 za 5 a\u017e 10 % ro\u010dn\u00fdch antropog\u00e9nnych emisi\u00ed CO2. Celosvetovo je degradovan\u00fdch pribli\u017ene 12 % ra\u0161elin\u00edsk.<\/p>\n

Historick\u00e9 prehliadanie a nov\u00e1 v\u00fdskumn\u00e1 iniciat\u00edva<\/strong><\/p>\n

Napriek ich kritick\u00fdm ekologick\u00fdm funkci\u00e1m sa ra\u0161elinisk\u00e1m historicky venovalo ove\u013ea menej vedeckej a politickej pozornosti ako in\u00fdm ekosyst\u00e9mom, napr\u00edklad lesom alebo koralov\u00fdm \u00fatesom. Vplyvy zmeny kl\u00edmy na dynamiku uhl\u00edka v ra\u0161elinisk\u00e1ch boli dokonca len ned\u00e1vno pridan\u00e9 do medzin\u00e1rodnej spr\u00e1vy IPCC-AR6.<\/p>\n

Aby sa tento nedostatok rie\u0161il, medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fd t\u00edm vedcov a odborn\u00edkov inicioval obrovsk\u00fd projekt. Cie\u013eom bolo ur\u010di\u0165 strategick\u00fd, glob\u00e1lne koordinovan\u00fd v\u00fdskum na ochranu, obnovu a udr\u017eate\u013en\u00fa spr\u00e1vu ra\u0161elin\u00edsk<\/strong>. Prostredn\u00edctvom dvojstup\u0148ov\u00e9ho online prieskumu a expertn\u00e9ho hlasovania, do ktor\u00e9ho sa zapojilo 467 \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkov z 54 kraj\u00edn, bolo identifikovan\u00fdch 50 prioritn\u00fdch v\u00fdskumn\u00fdch ot\u00e1zok pre nasleduj\u00face desa\u0165ro\u010die. Z eur\u00f3pskeho kontinentu poch\u00e1dzalo 45 % respondentov, po \u0148om nasledovala \u00c1zia a Severn\u00e1 Amerika. V\u00fdsledn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky boli odborn\u00edkmi rozdelen\u00e9 do piatich k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch tematick\u00fdch okruhov.<\/p>\n

P\u00e4\u0165 k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch t\u00e9m pre bud\u00facnos\u0165 vedeck\u00e9ho b\u00e1dania<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Dynamika uhl\u00edka v ra\u0161elinisk\u00e1ch a regul\u00e1cia kl\u00edmy<\/strong><\/p>\n

Odhady nazna\u010duj\u00fa, \u017ee len seversk\u00e9 ra\u0161elinisk\u00e1 ukladaj\u00fa pribli\u017ene 450 mili\u00e1rd ton uhl\u00edka, pri\u010dom celosvetovo je to okolo 600 mili\u00e1rd ton. St\u00e1le v\u0161ak pretrv\u00e1vaj\u00fa ve\u013ek\u00e9 neistoty. Medzi prioritn\u00e9 v\u00fdskumn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky preto patr\u00ed zistenie presn\u00e9ho glob\u00e1lneho rozsahu ra\u0161elin\u00edsk, najm\u00e4 v tropick\u00fdch oblastiach, kde s\u00fa doteraz slabo zmapovan\u00e9. Vedci sa tie\u017e p\u00fdtaj\u00fa, ak\u00e9 obrovsk\u00e9 s\u00fa celosvetov\u00e9 emisie z t\u00fdchto \u00fazem\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti od ich naru\u0161enia a ak\u00e9 environment\u00e1lne podmienky ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa ich schopnos\u0165 pohlcova\u0165 uhl\u00edk<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

2. Vplyv zmeny kl\u00edmy a \u013eudskej \u010dinnosti na odolnos\u0165 ra\u0161elin\u00edsk<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ra\u0161elinisk\u00e1 a klimatick\u00e9 zmeny sa navz\u00e1jom zlo\u017eito ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa. Zmeny v zr\u00e1\u017ekach m\u00f4\u017eu sp\u00f4sobi\u0165, \u017ee tieto ekosyst\u00e9my za\u010dn\u00fa uhl\u00edk uvo\u013e\u0148ova\u0165 namiesto jeho ukladania, a premenia sa na oblasti n\u00e1chyln\u00e9 na intenz\u00edvne po\u017eiare. Ot\u00e1zky v tejto t\u00e9me sa zameriavaj\u00fa na to, ako bud\u00fa ra\u0161elinisk\u00e1 reagova\u0165 na extr\u00e9my a ak\u00e9 s\u00fa body zlomu (tipping points), po prekro\u010den\u00ed ktor\u00fdch sa ra\u0161elinisk\u00e1 menia zo z\u00e1chytov na mas\u00edvne zdroje emisi\u00ed<\/strong>. Z\u00e1sadn\u00e9 je stanovi\u0165, ako r\u00fdchlo sa po po\u017eiaroch dok\u00e1\u017eu obnovi\u0165.<\/p>\n

3. Mana\u017ement a obnova ra\u0161elin\u00edsk<\/strong><\/p>\n

Na splnenie teplotn\u00fdch cie\u013eov Par\u00ed\u017eskej dohody je do polovice storo\u010dia potrebn\u00e1 obnova zhruba 500 000 km2 odvodnen\u00fdch ra\u0161elin\u00edsk na celom svete. Op\u00e4tovn\u00e9 zavodnenie m\u00f4\u017ee zvr\u00e1ti\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinky odvodnenia a zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 degrad\u00e1ciu. Odborn\u00edci h\u013eadaj\u00fa najefekt\u00edvnej\u0161ie techniky na dlhodob\u00fa obnovu funkcie t\u00fdchto ekosyst\u00e9mov a p\u00fdtaj\u00fa sa, ako integrova\u0165 do spr\u00e1vy \u00fazem\u00ed tradi\u010dn\u00e9 ekologick\u00e9 znalosti a poznatky p\u00f4vodn\u00fdch obyvate\u013eov<\/strong>. Prioritou s\u00fa aj n\u00e1kladovo efekt\u00edvne pr\u00edstupy, ktor\u00e9 zoh\u013ead\u0148uj\u00fa potreby miestnych komun\u00edt a predch\u00e1dzanie po\u017eiarom.<\/p>\n

4. Technologick\u00fd pokrok pre vedu a monitorovanie<\/strong><\/p>\n

Modern\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie otv\u00e1raj\u00fa nov\u00e9 obzory vo v\u00fdskume. Pom\u00e1haj\u00fa prekon\u00e1va\u0165 obmedzenia tradi\u010dn\u00fdch ter\u00e9nnych prieskumov v\u010faka lacn\u00fdm senzorom, umelej inteligencii a satelitn\u00fdm d\u00e1tam. Je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 zisti\u0165, ako najlep\u0161ie vyu\u017ei\u0165 dia\u013ekov\u00fd prieskum na mapovanie ra\u0161elin\u00edsk a spo\u013eahliv\u00fd odhad podzemn\u00fdch z\u00e1sob uhl\u00edka. Cie\u013eom je z\u00e1rove\u0148 zakomponova\u0165 ra\u0161elinisk\u00e1 priamo do komplexn\u00fdch modelov zemsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu<\/strong>, v ktor\u00fdch v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti bolestivo ch\u00fdbaj\u00fa.<\/p>\n

5. Komunity, politiky a ekonomick\u00e9 r\u00e1mce<\/strong><\/p>\n

Efekt\u00edvna ochrana ra\u0161elin\u00edsk si vy\u017eaduje koherentn\u00e9 politiky a spravodliv\u00e9 zapojenie komun\u00edt. Probl\u00e9mom je fragment\u00e1cia \u2013 napr\u00edklad dot\u00e1cie E\u00da pre po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvo na odvodnen\u00fdch p\u00f4dach priamo protire\u010dia strat\u00e9gi\u00e1m zameran\u00fdm na ich obnovu. Ot\u00e1zky mieria na to, ako m\u00f4\u017eu ra\u0161elinisk\u00e1 vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 udr\u017eate\u013en\u00fa ekonomick\u00fa hodnotu prostredn\u00edctvom ekoturizmu alebo klimatick\u00e9ho financovania bez toho, aby degradovali. Prioritou je okrem in\u00e9ho rozvoj paludikult\u00fary (po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvo a lesn\u00edctvo na mokr\u00fdch p\u00f4dach) a h\u013eadanie ekonomick\u00fdch alternat\u00edv za vyu\u017e\u00edvanie ra\u0161eliny<\/strong> v komer\u010dnom z\u00e1hradn\u00edctve.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdzva k akcii pre lep\u0161iu bud\u00facnos\u0165<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tento zoznam 50 prioritn\u00fdch ot\u00e1zok poskytuje v\u00f4bec prv\u00fa odbornou komunitou tvoren\u00fa agendu pre smerovanie \u010fal\u0161ieho v\u00fdskumu ra\u0161elin\u00edsk. \u00daspe\u0161n\u00e9 zodpovedanie t\u00fdchto ot\u00e1zok si bude vy\u017eadova\u0165 nov\u00e9 pr\u00edstupy, spolo\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161tandardy zhroma\u017e\u010fovania d\u00e1t a interdisciplin\u00e1rne spolupr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n

Kone\u010dn\u00fdm cie\u013eom je maximalizova\u0165 pr\u00edspevok ra\u0161elin\u00edsk k plneniu glob\u00e1lnych cie\u013eov udr\u017eate\u013en\u00e9ho rozvoja (SDGs)<\/strong>, vr\u00e1tane opatren\u00ed v oblasti kl\u00edmy, zlep\u0161enia ekosyst\u00e9mov na pevnine a pr\u00edstupu k \u010distej vode. Pokrok v t\u00fdchto prioritn\u00fdch oblastiach m\u00f4\u017ee \u013eudstvu poskytn\u00fa\u0165 pevn\u00e9 vedeck\u00e9 z\u00e1klady pre lep\u0161iu spr\u00e1vu ra\u0161elin\u00edsk v \u00e9re glob\u00e1lnych zmien, aby tieto jedine\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fazemia mohli chr\u00e1ni\u0165 kl\u00edmu aj pre \u010fal\u0161ie gener\u00e1cie. JRi&CO2AI\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ra\u0161elinisk\u00e1 s\u00fa mokra\u010fov\u00e9 ekosyst\u00e9my, ktor\u00e9 sa vyzna\u010duj\u00fa hromaden\u00edm \u010diasto\u010dne rozlo\u017een\u00e9ho organick\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu, teda ra\u0161eliny. Hoci pokr\u00fdvaj\u00fa len 3 a\u017e 4 % povrchu pevniny na\u0161ej plan\u00e9ty, ukr\u00fdvaj\u00fa v sebe takmer jednu tretinu celosvetov\u00e9ho p\u00f4dneho uhl\u00edka. Toto obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estvo uhl\u00edka<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39145","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-klimaticka-zmena"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39145","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39145"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39145\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39148,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39145\/revisions\/39148"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39145"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39145"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39145"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}