\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0644\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0646. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b - \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u0647 - \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0633\u0649. \u0628\u062f\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 po akt\u00edvne bojov\u00e9 oper\u00e1cie s\u00fa vojensk\u00e9 aktivity jedn\u00fdmi z najuhl\u00edkovo n\u00e1ro\u010dnej\u0161\u00edch \u010dinnost\u00ed na Zemi. Tieto aktivity nielen\u017ee priamo devastuj\u00fa lok\u00e1lne ekosyst\u00e9my, ale aj mas\u00edvne prispievaj\u00fa ku glob\u00e1lnemu otep\u013eovaniu, \u010d\u00edm vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa za\u010darovan\u00fd kruh, v ktorom klimatick\u00e1 zmena sp\u00e4tne p\u00f4sob\u00ed ako multiplik\u00e1tor \u010fal\u0161\u00edch bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch hrozieb.<\/p>\n
Uhl\u00edkov\u00e1 stopa arm\u00e1d: \u0160tvrt\u00fd najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed zne\u010dis\u0165ovate\u013e sveta<\/strong><\/p>\n Vedeck\u00e9 odhady ukazuj\u00fa, \u017ee rutinn\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 oper\u00e1cie vo svete s\u00fa zodpovedn\u00e9 za pribli\u017ene 5,5 % celosvetov\u00fdch emisi\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plynov. Ak by boli svetov\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy jednou krajinou, zaradili by sa na \u0161tvrt\u00e9 miesto s najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ou uhl\u00edkovou stopou na svete, \u010d\u00edm by predbehli aj \u0161t\u00e1ty ako Rusko. Samotn\u00e1 arm\u00e1da Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1tov americk\u00fdch je najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm in\u0161titucion\u00e1lnym spotrebite\u013eom uh\u013eovod\u00edkov na svete. Jej ro\u010dn\u00e9 emisie sa vyrovnaj\u00fa emisi\u00e1m cel\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1tov, ako je napr\u00edklad Srbsko. Od za\u010diatku vojny proti terorizmu v roku 2001 americk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da vypustila do ovzdu\u0161ia alarmuj\u00facich 1,2 miliardy ton sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plynov.<\/p>\n Extr\u00e9mna uhl\u00edkov\u00e1 n\u00e1ro\u010dnos\u0165 je dan\u00e1 najm\u00e4 mizivou palivovou \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165ou v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iny vojenskej techniky. Ako poznamen\u00e1vaj\u00fa experti, pri vojensk\u00fdch vozidl\u00e1ch, lodiach \u010di lietadl\u00e1ch sa spotreba meria sk\u00f4r v „gal\u00f3noch na m\u00ed\u013eu“ ne\u017e v „m\u00ed\u013each na gal\u00f3n“. Skuto\u010dn\u00fd rozsah tohto probl\u00e9mu je v\u0161ak pravdepodobne e\u0161te v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed, ke\u010f\u017ee presn\u00e9 d\u00e1ta ch\u00fdbaj\u00fa. Medzery v Kj\u00f3tskom protokole z roku 1997 a neskor\u0161\u00edch dohod\u00e1ch umo\u017enili arm\u00e1dam vyhn\u00fa\u0165 sa pr\u00edsnemu vykazovaniu svojich emisi\u00ed. Najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed vojensk\u00ed akt\u00e9ri, ako s\u00fa USA, \u010c\u00edna a Rusko, svoje vojensk\u00e9 emisie R\u00e1mcov\u00e9mu dohovoru OSN o zmene kl\u00edmy (UNFCCC) bu\u010f nehl\u00e1sia v\u00f4bec, alebo poskytuj\u00fa ne\u00fapln\u00e9 a nepresn\u00e9 \u00fadaje.<\/p>\n Priame ni\u010denie pr\u00edrody a toxick\u00e9 zne\u010distenie po\u010das vojen<\/strong><\/p>\n Zatia\u013e \u010do mierov\u00e1 prev\u00e1dzka arm\u00e1d produkuje mas\u00edvne mno\u017estv\u00e1 CO2, akt\u00edvne vojnov\u00e9 konflikty prin\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa okam\u017eit\u00fa a \u010dasto nezvratn\u00fa ekologick\u00fa katastrofu. V\u00fdbuch ka\u017edej mun\u00edcie uvo\u013e\u0148uje do \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia toxick\u00e9 \u010dastice \u0165a\u017ek\u00fdch kovov, ako s\u00fa olovo, ortu\u0165, zinok a ochudobnen\u00fd ur\u00e1n. Tieto l\u00e1tky prenikaj\u00fa do p\u00f4dy a podzemn\u00fdch v\u00f4d, odkia\u013e sa cez potravinov\u00fd re\u0165azec dost\u00e1vaj\u00fa do tiel zvierat a \u013eud\u00ed. Zl\u00fa\u010deniny z v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00edn, ako s\u00fa TNT a RDX, sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa rakovinu, zlyhanie org\u00e1nov a mutag\u00e9nne zmeny. V z\u00e1vislosti od podmienok m\u00f4\u017ee trva\u0165 100 a\u017e 300 rokov, k\u00fdm sa zvy\u0161ky mun\u00edcie v p\u00f4de \u00faplne rozlo\u017eia.<\/p>\n Obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 devastuj\u00face s\u00fa boje v silne industrializovan\u00fdch oblastiach. Cielen\u00e9 aj n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 \u00fatoky na chemick\u00e9 tov\u00e1rne, ropn\u00e9 rafin\u00e9rie \u010di uho\u013en\u00e9 bane ved\u00fa k rozsiahlym \u00fanikom nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch l\u00e1tok. Po\u010das vojny na Ukrajine sme boli svedkami \u00fatokov na zariadenia ako Sumychimprom, \u010do sp\u00f4sobilo \u00fanik amoniaku, \u010di zni\u010denia n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed s kyselinou dusi\u010dnou v Severodonecku, \u010do prin\u00fatilo obyvate\u013estvo ukr\u00fdva\u0165 sa pred toxick\u00fdmi mrakmi. Fyzickou de\u0161trukciou trp\u00ed aj \u00farodn\u00e1 p\u00f4da. \u0164a\u017ek\u00e1 vojensk\u00e1 technika, ako s\u00fa tanky, p\u00f4du zhut\u0148uje, ni\u010d\u00ed mikrobi\u00e1lne spolo\u010denstv\u00e1 a zanech\u00e1va zemsk\u00fd povrch kontaminovan\u00fd ropn\u00fdmi l\u00e1tkami.<\/p>\n Vodn\u00e9 zdroje a biodiverzita ako obete konfliktov<\/strong><\/p>\n Vojny maj\u00fa hlbok\u00fd dopad aj na vodn\u00e9 zdroje a biodiverzitu. Zni\u010denie strategickej vodnej infra\u0161trukt\u00fary m\u00e1 katastrof\u00e1lne n\u00e1sledky. Zni\u010denie Kachovskej priehrady v j\u00fani 2023 sp\u00f4sobilo zaplavenie rozsiahlych \u00fazem\u00ed, vyplavenie toxick\u00fdch sedimentov nahromaden\u00fdch z desa\u0165ro\u010d\u00ed priemyselnej \u010dinnosti a lok\u00e1lne vyhynutie vz\u00e1cnych druhov r\u00fdb, vr\u00e1tane chr\u00e1nen\u00fdch jeseterov. \u00datoky na \u010distiarne v\u00f4d a kanaliza\u010dn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, napr\u00edklad na rieke Severn\u00fd Donec, viedli k \u00faniku nespracovan\u00fdch spla\u0161kov a \u0165a\u017ek\u00fdch kovov, \u010d\u00edm zostali mili\u00f3ny \u013eud\u00ed bez pr\u00edstupu k pitnej vode.<\/p>\n Trp\u00ed aj samotn\u00e1 fl\u00f3ra a fauna. \u00dazemia, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa domovom vz\u00e1cnych a ohrozen\u00fdch druhov, sa menia na bojov\u00e9 polia. Len na Ukrajine zasiahla vojna viac ako tretinu chr\u00e1nen\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00ed patriacich do celoeur\u00f3pskej siete. V\u00fdbuchy, po\u017eiare a vojensk\u00e9 sonary sp\u00f4sobili obrovsk\u00e9 straty na \u017eivotoch zvierat; napr\u00edklad v \u010ciernom mori boli zaznamenan\u00e9 \u00fahyny tis\u00edcov delf\u00ednov, ktor\u00e9 pod\u013eahli akustickej traume, dezorient\u00e1cii a toxick\u00e9mu zne\u010disteniu. N\u00e1rodn\u00e9 parky, ak\u00fdm je napr\u00edklad D\u017earylha\u010d, boli v d\u00f4sledku bojov a mas\u00edvneho m\u00ednovania prakticky \u00faplne zni\u010den\u00e9.<\/p>\n Klimatick\u00e1 cena konfliktov a dlh\u00e1 cesta k obnove<\/strong><\/p>\n Samotn\u00e9 vedenie vojny je obrovsk\u00fdm gener\u00e1torom emisi\u00ed. Odhaduje sa, \u017ee len prv\u00e9 dva roky vojny na Ukrajine vyprodukovali a\u017e 175 mili\u00f3nov ton ekvivalentu CO2. In\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadie uv\u00e1dzaj\u00fa hodnotu a\u017e 230 mili\u00f3nov ton, \u010do je uhl\u00edkov\u00e1 stopa porovnate\u013en\u00e1 s celoro\u010dn\u00fdmi emisiami vyspelej krajiny, akou je \u0160panielsko. Tieto emisie zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa nielen spa\u013eovanie fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv vojenskou technikou, ale aj rozsiahle po\u017eiare lesov a infra\u0161trukt\u00fary. Nepriame d\u00f4sledky konfliktov, ako je preru\u0161enie dod\u00e1vok energi\u00ed, navy\u0161e \u010dasto n\u00fatia krajiny vr\u00e1ti\u0165 sa k uhliu, \u010do e\u0161te viac podkop\u00e1va glob\u00e1lne snahy o plnenie Par\u00ed\u017eskej dohody.<\/p>\n Ukon\u010den\u00edm bojov sa v\u0161ak klimatick\u00e1 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e nekon\u010d\u00ed. Povojnov\u00e1 rekon\u0161trukcia zni\u010denej infra\u0161trukt\u00fary si vy\u017eiada enormn\u00e9 mno\u017estvo stavebn\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov, najm\u00e4 bet\u00f3nu a ocele, ktor\u00fdch v\u00fdroba patr\u00ed k najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm zdrojom CO2. Pod\u013ea odhadov Svetovej banky a s\u00favisiacich \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed vygeneruje pl\u00e1novan\u00e1 obnova Ukrajiny uhl\u00edkov\u00fa stopu vo v\u00fd\u0161ke 781 mili\u00f3nov ton CO2. Toto \u010d\u00edslo predstavuje viac ako 4,3-n\u00e1sobok ro\u010dn\u00fdch emisi\u00ed celej Ukrajiny spred vojny. Z tohto d\u00f4vodu experti volaj\u00fa po zelenej obnove \u2013 maxim\u00e1lnom vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed recyklovan\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov zo sut\u00edn a moderniz\u00e1cii stavebn\u00e9ho sektora, inak bude ma\u0165 rekon\u0161trukcia zni\u010duj\u00faci dopad na kl\u00edmu.<\/p>\n Ignorovanie environment\u00e1lnych a klimatick\u00fdch d\u00f4sledkov vojensk\u00fdch aktiv\u00edt si u\u017e nem\u00f4\u017eeme dovoli\u0165. Je znepokojuj\u00face, \u017ee v \u010dase prehlbuj\u00facej sa klimatickej kr\u00edzy celosvetov\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 v\u00fddavky st\u00fapaj\u00fa. Transparentn\u00e9 nahlasovanie vojensk\u00fdch emisi\u00ed vr\u00e1tane t\u00fdch, ktor\u00e9 vznikaj\u00fa priamo v boji (tzv. Scope 3 Plus), a integr\u00e1cia arm\u00e1d do medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fdch cie\u013eov dekarboniz\u00e1cie musia by\u0165 prioritou. Udr\u017eate\u013en\u00fd mier toti\u017e nie je len o absencii zbran\u00ed, ale aj o ochrane kl\u00edmy a pr\u00edrody, bez ktor\u00fdch je dlhodob\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 \u013eudstva nemo\u017en\u00e1. JRi&CO2AI\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u062a\u064f\u062e\u0644\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0646. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b - \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u0647 - \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0633\u0649. \u0628\u062f\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38881","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-udrzatelnost_uhlikova-neutralita","category-uhlikova-stopa"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38881","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38881"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38881\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38884,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38881\/revisions\/38884"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38881"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38881"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38881"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}