{"id":38699,"date":"2026-02-08T15:17:01","date_gmt":"2026-02-08T14:17:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/?p=38699"},"modified":"2026-02-08T15:17:52","modified_gmt":"2026-02-08T14:17:52","slug":"biochar-kluc-k-trvalemu-odstranovaniu-uhlika-prostrednictvom-ochrany-pody-pred-eroziou","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/2026\/02\/08\/biochar-kluc-k-trvalemu-odstranovaniu-uhlika-prostrednictvom-ochrany-pody-pred-eroziou\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a: \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0640<!--more--> \u00fadajov z prieskumov p\u00f4dy v E\u00da obsahuj\u00fa mnoh\u00e9 stredomorsk\u00e9 p\u00f4dy kriticky n\u00edzke z\u00e1soby uhl\u00edka, \u010dasto pod \u00farov\u0148ou 1 %, \u010do ich rob\u00ed extr\u00e9mne zranite\u013en\u00fdmi vo\u010di hydrologick\u00fdm extr\u00e9mom a degrad\u00e1cii vyvolanej klimatickou zmenou. Najnov\u0161\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S3051444426000062\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/span><\/a> v\u0161ak ukazuje, \u017ee aplik\u00e1cia biocharu (biouhlia) pon\u00faka rie\u0161enie, ktor\u00e9 presahuje jeho funkciu oby\u010dajn\u00e9ho ulo\u017eiska uhl\u00edka a st\u00e1va sa akt\u00edvnym n\u00e1strojom ochrany p\u00f4dnych ekosyst\u00e9mov.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mechanizmus \u201ep\u00f4dnej \u0161pongie\u201c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Biochar je \u0161iroko uzn\u00e1van\u00fd ako trvanliv\u00fd absorbent uhl\u00edka, ale jeho hydrologick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky a potenci\u00e1l zmier\u0148ova\u0165 er\u00f3ziu boli v doteraj\u0161\u00edch r\u00e1mcoch CDR podce\u0148ovan\u00e9. \u0160t\u00fadia publikovan\u00e1 v odbornom periodiku <em>Biomass Futures<\/em> zd\u00f4raz\u0148uje, \u017ee hydrologick\u00e9 zlep\u0161enia \u2013 zn\u00e1me ako posilnenie <strong>funkcie p\u00f4dnej \u0161pongie<\/strong> \u2013 nie s\u00fa len ved\u013eaj\u0161\u00edmi pr\u00ednosmi, ale jadrov\u00fdm mechanizmom podporuj\u00facim trv\u00e1cnos\u0165 ulo\u017eenia uhl\u00edka.<\/p>\n<p>Funkcia p\u00f4dnej \u0161pongie predstavuje schopnos\u0165 p\u00f4dy absorbova\u0165, zadr\u017eiava\u0165 a uvo\u013e\u0148ova\u0165 vodu a \u017eiviny, pri\u010dom s\u00fa\u010dasne poskytuje \u0161truktur\u00e1lnu podporu na odol\u00e1vanie er\u00f3zii a udr\u017eanie z\u00e1sob SOC. Glob\u00e1lna metaanal\u00fdza zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00faca 184 pozorovan\u00ed z 30 \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed potvrdila, \u017ee <strong>biochar zni\u017euje povrchov\u00fd odtok vody v priemere o 25 % a er\u00f3ziu p\u00f4dy o 16 %<\/strong>. Tieto v\u00fdsledky s\u00fa obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 pri biouhl\u00ed produkovanom pri teplot\u00e1ch nad 500 \u00b0C, \u010do s\u00favis\u00ed s jeho v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm vn\u00fatorn\u00fdm povrchom, p\u00f3rovitos\u0165ou a vy\u0161\u0161ou fyzik\u00e1lnou stabilitou materi\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>D\u00f4kazy zo stredomorsk\u00fdch vin\u00edc<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Experimenty realizovan\u00e9 v eur\u00f3pskych podmienkach, konkr\u00e9tne v stredomorsk\u00fdch vinohradoch, priniesli e\u0161te presved\u010divej\u0161ie v\u00fdsledky. Tieto oblasti s\u00fa typick\u00e9 strm\u00fdmi svahmi a p\u00f4dou s n\u00edzkym obsahom organickej hmoty, \u010do ich rad\u00ed k najviac ohrozen\u00fdm po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskym krajin\u00e1m v Eur\u00f3pe.<\/p>\n<p>Dlhodob\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadie preuk\u00e1zali, \u017ee pridanie 4 % biocharu do p\u00f4dy:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Zn\u00ed\u017eilo mieru er\u00f3zie p\u00f4dy a\u017e o <strong>65 %<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Zv\u00fd\u0161ilo z\u00e1soby zadr\u017eanej vody o <strong>73 %<\/strong>, pri\u010dom v such\u00fdch podmienkach bol tento n\u00e1rast a\u017e <strong>300-percentn\u00fd<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Viedlo k n\u00e1rastu celkov\u00e9ho p\u00f4dneho organick\u00e9ho uhl\u00edka o <strong>85 %<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Zauj\u00edmav\u00fdm zisten\u00edm je siln\u00e1 <strong>synergia medzi biocharom a vegeta\u010dn\u00fdm krytom<\/strong>. \u0160t\u00fadie s rastlinnou pokr\u00fdvkou vyk\u00e1zali viac ako dvojn\u00e1sobn\u00e9 zn\u00ed\u017eenie er\u00f3zie v porovnan\u00ed s experimentmi na holej p\u00f4de. Zlep\u0161en\u00edm pH p\u00f4dy a dostupnosti \u017eiv\u00edn biochar podporuje rast biomasy, \u010do n\u00e1sledne mechanicky stabilizuje p\u00f4du.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Nov\u00e1 \u00e9ra certifik\u00e1cie a MRV<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>S\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 metodiky monitorovania, vykazovania a overovania (MRV) prim\u00e1rne kvantifikuj\u00fa ukladanie uhl\u00edka na z\u00e1klade stability samotn\u00e9ho biocharu. Av\u0161ak strata ornice er\u00f3ziou predstavuje okam\u017eit\u00fa hrozbu pre zru\u0161enie t\u00fdchto ziskov, preto\u017ee doch\u00e1dza k exportu biocharu aj prirodzene nahromaden\u00e9ho SOC zo syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n<p>Autori v\u00fdskumu preto vyz\u00fdvaj\u00fa na form\u00e1lnu integr\u00e1ciu opatren\u00ed na zmiernenie er\u00f3zie do certifika\u010dn\u00fdch r\u00e1mcov, ako je certifika\u010dn\u00fd r\u00e1mec E\u00da pre odstra\u0148ovanie uhl\u00edka (CRCF). Navrhuj\u00fa zavies\u0165 <strong>\u201efaktor zadr\u017eania SOC upraven\u00fd o er\u00f3ziu\u201c<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd by zoh\u013ead\u0148oval fyzick\u00fa ochranu uhl\u00edka v p\u00f4de. Tak\u00fdto krok by v\u00fdrazne zn\u00ed\u017eil neistotu v oblasti trvalosti ulo\u017eenia a posilnil d\u00f4veryhodnos\u0165 kreditov na trhoch s uhl\u00edkom.<\/p>\n<p>Biochar predstavuje \u0161k\u00e1lovate\u013en\u00fa strat\u00e9giu pre klimaticky odoln\u00e9 obhospodarovanie krajiny. Jeho schopnos\u0165 zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 infiltr\u00e1ciu vody a zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 fyzick\u00fd export uhl\u00edka z p\u00f4dy priamo podporuje trvalos\u0165 existuj\u00facich z\u00e1sob aj nov\u00fdch odstra\u0148ovan\u00ed CO2. Uznanie t\u00fdchto hydrologick\u00fdch mechanizmov v bud\u00facich metodik\u00e1ch IPCC a regula\u010dn\u00fdch r\u00e1mcoch m\u00f4\u017ee ur\u00fdchli\u0165 nasadenie biocharu ako k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9ho a overite\u013en\u00e9ho rie\u0161enia pre glob\u00e1lnu uhl\u00edkov\u00fa neutralitu. <em><strong>JRi&amp;CO2AI\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0640<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38699","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-znizovanie_co2_cdr_ccs_ccu_dac"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38699","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38699"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38699\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38701,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38699\/revisions\/38701"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38699"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38699"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38699"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}