{"id":38513,"date":"2026-01-08T21:59:46","date_gmt":"2026-01-08T20:59:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/?p=38513"},"modified":"2026-01-08T22:00:27","modified_gmt":"2026-01-08T21:00:27","slug":"najvacsi-historicky-znecistovatel-sveta-usa-odstupuje-od-zmluvy-osn-o-klime","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/2026\/01\/08\/najvacsi-historicky-znecistovatel-sveta-usa-odstupuje-od-zmluvy-osn-o-klime\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0627\u064b - \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 - \u062a\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628<\/strong> \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0639\u0632\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho \u00fasilia o zastavenie otep\u013eovania dost\u00e1va do bezprecedentnej poz\u00edcie, ktor\u00e1 vyvol\u00e1va obavy o stabilitu cel\u00e9ho multilater\u00e1lneho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

Historick\u00e1 zodpovednos\u0165 v \u010d\u00edslach<\/h5>\n

Spojen\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1ty nes\u00fa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu historick\u00fa zodpovednos\u0165 za zmenu kl\u00edmy ne\u017e ak\u00e1ko\u013evek in\u00e1 krajina alebo skupina kraj\u00edn na svete. Pod\u013ea anal\u00fdz emisi\u00ed vypustili USA od roku 1850 celkovo 542 mili\u00e1rd ton oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho (GtCO2)<\/strong>, \u010do zah\u0155\u0148a spa\u013eovanie fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv, odles\u0148ovanie a \u010fal\u0161ie priemyseln\u00e9 aktivity. Tento objem predstavuje viac ako p\u00e4tinu (pribli\u017ene 20 %)<\/strong> v\u0161etk\u00fdch emisi\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 \u013eudstvo vypustilo do atmosf\u00e9ry za posledn\u00fdch 175 rokov.<\/p>\n

Pre porovnanie, \u010c\u00edna je s 336 GtCO2 na druhom mieste a Rusko so 185 GtCO2 na tre\u0165om. Disproporcia americk\u00e9ho pr\u00edspevku k otep\u013eovaniu je e\u0161te v\u00fdraznej\u0161ia pri poh\u013eade na po\u010det obyvate\u013eov: hoci USA tvoria len 4 % svetovej popul\u00e1cie, ich kumulat\u00edvne emisie na obyvate\u013ea s\u00fa sedemkr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161ie ako v \u010c\u00edne a a\u017e 25-kr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161ie ako v Indii<\/strong>. Historick\u00e9 emisie USA s\u00fa dokonca vy\u0161\u0161ie ako s\u00fa\u010det emisi\u00ed 133 kraj\u00edn s najni\u017e\u0161\u00edm pr\u00edspevkom k zne\u010disteniu, v ktor\u00fdch \u017eij\u00fa viac ako tri miliardy \u013eud\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdkonn\u00fd pr\u00edkaz 14162: \u201eAmerika na prvom mieste\u201c<\/h5>\n

D\u0148a 20. janu\u00e1ra 2025, hne\u010f v prv\u00fd de\u0148 svojho druh\u00e9ho funk\u010dn\u00e9ho obdobia, podp\u00edsal prezident Donald Trump v\u00fdkonn\u00fd pr\u00edkaz 14162<\/strong> s n\u00e1zvom \u201ePutting America First In International Environmental Agreements\u201c. Tento dokument nariadil okam\u017eit\u00e9 odst\u00fapenie USA od Par\u00ed\u017eskej dohody a R\u00e1mcov\u00e9ho dohovoru OSN o zmene kl\u00edmy (UNFCCC).<\/p>\n

Pod\u013ea ofici\u00e1lnych inform\u00e1ci\u00ed z OSN Washington \u00faradne opust\u00ed \u0161trukt\u00fary dohovoru 27. janu\u00e1ra 2026<\/strong>. Tento krok nezah\u0155\u0148a len form\u00e1lny odchod z diplomatick\u00fdch f\u00f3r, ale aj okam\u017eit\u00e9 ukon\u010denie v\u0161etk\u00fdch finan\u010dn\u00fdch z\u00e1v\u00e4zkov v r\u00e1mci UNFCCC, vr\u00e1tane zmrazenia fondov pre medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fa klimatick\u00fa pomoc. Ide u\u017e o druh\u00fd pr\u00edpad, kedy Trump administrat\u00edva vyviedla krajinu z Par\u00ed\u017eskej dohody, po tom, \u010do sa USA v roku 2021 pod veden\u00edm Josepha Bidena k dohode op\u00e4tovne pripojili.<\/p>\n

Dom\u00e1ca politika v znamen\u00ed fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv<\/h5>\n

Odklon od klimatick\u00fdch cie\u013eov nie je len diplomatick\u00fdm gestom, ale je podlo\u017een\u00fd mas\u00edvnou rev\u00edziou dom\u00e1cej legislat\u00edvy. K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdm n\u00e1strojom je z\u00e1kon \u201eOne Big Beautiful Bill Act\u201c (OBBB)<\/strong>, schv\u00e1len\u00fd v roku 2025, ktor\u00fd ru\u0161\u00ed v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu da\u0148ov\u00fdch \u00fa\u013eav na \u010dist\u00fa energiu a vozidl\u00e1 zaveden\u00fdch predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facou administrat\u00edvou.<\/p>\n

Medzi hlavn\u00e9 dopady tejto politiky patria:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Spomalenie prechodu na obnovite\u013en\u00e9 zdroje:<\/strong> O\u010dak\u00e1va sa, \u017ee OBBB zn\u00ed\u017ei in\u0161talovan\u00fa kapacitu veternej a sol\u00e1rnej energie do roku 2035 o polovicu.<\/li>\n
  • N\u00e1vrat k uhliu a plynu:<\/strong> Administrat\u00edva zru\u0161ila emisn\u00e9 \u0161tandardy pre elektr\u00e1rne na fos\u00edlne paliv\u00e1 a vyhl\u00e1sila stav \u201en\u00e1rodnej energetickej n\u00fadze\u201c na ur\u00fdchlenie \u0165a\u017eby.<\/li>\n
  • Oslabenie EPA:<\/strong> Agent\u00fara pre ochranu \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia (EPA) navrhla zru\u0161enie pr\u00e1vneho z\u00e1kladu pre regul\u00e1ciu sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plynov, \u010do by znamenalo koniec vym\u00e1hania emisn\u00fdch noriem v doprave a priemysle.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Tieto kroky ved\u00fa k tomu, \u017ee USA s\u00fa v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti hodnoten\u00e9 ako krajina s \u201ekriticky nedostato\u010dn\u00fdm\u201c<\/strong> pr\u00edstupom k ochrane kl\u00edmy, \u010do by pri glob\u00e1lnom nasledovan\u00ed viedlo k otepleniu o 3 \u00b0C a\u017e 4 \u00b0C.<\/p>\n

    Glob\u00e1lne d\u00f4sledky a strata l\u00edderstva<\/h5>\n

    Absencia USA v klimatick\u00fdch rokovaniach vytv\u00e1ra v\u00e1\u017ene mocensk\u00e9 v\u00e1kuum. \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646<\/strong> sa v tejto situ\u00e1cii potvrdzuje ako dominantn\u00e1 priemyseln\u00e1 sila v energetickej transform\u00e1cii, ke\u010f\u017ee ovl\u00e1da viac ako 70 % svetovej v\u00fdroby l\u00edtium-i\u00f3nov\u00fdch bat\u00e9ri\u00ed. Jej strat\u00e9gia je v\u0161ak nejednozna\u010dn\u00e1, preto\u017ee popri rozvoji obnovite\u013en\u00fdch zdrojov na\u010falej schva\u013euje mas\u00edvnu v\u00fdstavbu uho\u013en\u00fdch elektr\u00e1rn\u00ed. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a<\/strong> sa sna\u017e\u00ed udr\u017ea\u0165 si rolu regula\u010dn\u00e9ho l\u00eddra, nar\u00e1\u017ea v\u0161ak na vn\u00fatorn\u00fa politick\u00fa nestabilitu a rast\u00facu medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fa konkurenciu.<\/p>\n

    Najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie obavy vyvol\u00e1va ohrozenie finan\u010dn\u00fdch mechanizmov. Bez pr\u00edspevku Washingtonu je nepravdepodobn\u00e9, \u017ee sa na nadch\u00e1dzaj\u00facom samite COP30 v Bel\u00e9me<\/strong> podar\u00ed dohodn\u00fa\u0165 na robustn\u00fdch cie\u013eoch pre financovanie ochrany kl\u00edmy v zranite\u013en\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch. To m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k preh\u013abeniu sporov medzi rozvinut\u00fdmi a rozvojov\u00fdmi \u0161t\u00e1tmi a k er\u00f3zii d\u00f4very v medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e9 in\u0161tit\u00facie.<\/p>\n

    Odborn\u00edci ozna\u010duj\u00fa tento krok za \u201evlastn\u00fd g\u00f3l\u201c, ktor\u00fd po\u0161kod\u00ed americk\u00fa ekonomiku a n\u00e1rodn\u00fa bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 v \u010dase, ke\u010f sa extr\u00e9mne prejavy po\u010dasia ako z\u00e1plavy a mega-b\u00farky zhor\u0161uj\u00fa. B\u00fdval\u00fd viceprezident Al Gore zd\u00f4raznil, \u017ee administrat\u00edva sa oto\u010dila chrbtom k vede v prospech z\u00e1ujmov ropn\u00e9ho priemyslu.<\/p>\n

    Zru\u0161enie \u00fa\u010dasti USA na klimatickom \u00fasil\u00ed tak nie je len izolovan\u00fdm ne\u00faspechom environment\u00e1lnej politiky, ale sympt\u00f3mom hlb\u0161ej kr\u00edzy multilateralizmu. Ak medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e9 dohody zostan\u00fa rukojemn\u00edkmi vn\u00fatro\u0161t\u00e1tnych politick\u00fdch v\u00fdkyvov, hroz\u00ed, \u017ee sa glob\u00e1lna koordin\u00e1cia rozpadne na fragmentovan\u00fa mozaiku region\u00e1lnych iniciat\u00edv, ktor\u00e9 nebud\u00fa schopn\u00e9 \u010deli\u0165 hrozbe presahuj\u00facej hranice \u0161t\u00e1tov. \u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0622\u0631 \u0622\u064a<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

    \n

    Metafora pre pochopenie situ\u00e1cie:<\/strong> Predstavte si svetov\u00fa kl\u00edmu ako ve\u013ek\u00fa spolo\u010dn\u00fa lo\u010f, do ktorej te\u010die voda. Spojen\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1ty s\u00fa najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm a najsk\u00fasenej\u0161\u00edm d\u00f4stojn\u00edkom, ktor\u00fd v minulosti do lode vyv\u0155tal najviac dier. Namiesto toho, aby teraz viedli pos\u00e1dku pri oprav\u00e1ch, sa rozhodli opusti\u0165 velite\u013esk\u00fd most\u00edk a vyhl\u00e1si\u0165, \u017ee ich \u010das\u0165 lode je v bezpe\u010d\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm nechali ostatn\u00fdch bez potrebn\u00fdch n\u00e1strojov a koordin\u00e1cie uprostred b\u00farky.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Rozhodnutie Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1tov americk\u00fdch odst\u00fapi\u0165 od k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fdch klimatick\u00fdch doh\u00f4d predstavuje prelomov\u00fd moment v glob\u00e1lnom riaden\u00ed kl\u00edmy. Ako historicky najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed zne\u010dis\u0165ovate\u013e plan\u00e9ty sa Washington svojou izol\u00e1ciou od<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38513","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-klimaticka-zmena"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38513","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38513"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38513\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38516,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38513\/revisions\/38516"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38513"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38513"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38513"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}