{"id":38381,"date":"2025-12-08T13:50:16","date_gmt":"2025-12-08T12:50:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/?p=38381"},"modified":"2025-12-08T13:51:01","modified_gmt":"2025-12-08T12:51:01","slug":"adaptacia-na-klimaticke-rizika-preco-je-tazke-konat-aj-ked-vieme-o-nebezpecenstve","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/2025\/12\/08\/adaptacia-na-klimaticke-rizika-preco-je-tazke-konat-aj-ked-vieme-o-nebezpecenstve\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u2013 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u064a\u064f\u0628\u0634\u0651\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0634\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c svete, zost\u00e1va motiv\u00e1cia jednotlivcov k prijatiu ochrann\u00fdch opatren\u00ed pretrv\u00e1vaj\u00facou v\u00fdzvou.<\/p>\n

Jedn\u00fdm z hlavn\u00fdch d\u00f4vodov, pre\u010do \u013eudia neprij\u00edmaj\u00fa opatrenia, je fenom\u00e9n psychologickej vzdialenosti<\/strong>. Klimatick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my s\u00fa \u010dasto vn\u00edman\u00e9 ako abstraktn\u00e9, neist\u00e9 a vzdialen\u00e9, zatia\u013e \u010do n\u00e1klady spojen\u00e9 s prevent\u00edvnym spr\u00e1van\u00edm (napr. \u010distenie odkvapov alebo \u00fadr\u017eba tr\u00e1vnika na ochranu pred po\u017eiarmi) s\u00fa okam\u017eit\u00e9 a konkr\u00e9tne. T\u00e1to psychologick\u00e1 vzdialenos\u0165 br\u00e1ni akcii. M\u00f4\u017ee sa prejavi\u0165 ako priestorov\u00e1 psychologick\u00e1 vzdialenos\u0165, kedy jednotlivci spochyb\u0148uj\u00fa, \u010di bud\u00fa d\u00f4sledky klimatickej zmeny poci\u0165ovan\u00e9 v ich bezprostrednom okol\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdskumn\u00edci v oblasti behavior\u00e1lnych vied navrhli, \u017ee rie\u0161en\u00edm je urobi\u0165 abstraktn\u00e9 klimatick\u00e9 rizik\u00e1 hmatate\u013en\u00fdmi a osobne relevantn\u00fdmi, \u010d\u00edm sa zn\u00ed\u017ei psychologick\u00e1 vzdialenos\u0165. To mo\u017eno dosiahnu\u0165 za\u010dlenen\u00edm tzv. proxim\u00e1lnych podnetov<\/strong> do komunik\u00e1cie o rizik\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

Experiment s proxim\u00e1lnymi podnetmi<\/strong><\/p>\n

S cie\u013eom otestova\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 lokalizovan\u00fdch spr\u00e1v bol uskuto\u010dnen\u00fd rozsiahly ter\u00e9nny experiment so 12 985 austr\u00e1lskymi majite\u013emi domov, ktor\u00fdch nehnute\u013enosti sa nach\u00e1dzali v oblastiach n\u00e1chyln\u00fdch na po\u017eiare. Experiment, realizovan\u00fd v spolupr\u00e1ci s v\u00fdznamnou austr\u00e1lskou bankou, porovn\u00e1val v\u0161eobecn\u00fa komunik\u00e1ciu so spr\u00e1vami, ktor\u00e9 boli prisp\u00f4soben\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tnej lokalite \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edka, napr\u00edklad jeho predmestiu (suburb). Tieto lokalizovan\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy mali za cie\u013e navodi\u0165 prip\u00fatanos\u0165 k miestu a zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 hmatate\u013enos\u0165 rizika.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky<\/span><\/a> experimentu jasne preuk\u00e1zali, \u017ee integr\u00e1cia proxim\u00e1lnych podnetov v\u00fdrazne zv\u00fd\u0161ila anga\u017eovanos\u0165<\/strong>. \u00da\u010dastn\u00edci, ktor\u00ed dostali lokalizovan\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy, boli pribli\u017ene dvakr\u00e1t n\u00e1chylnej\u0161\u00ed<\/strong> k tomu, aby klikli na odkaz a vyh\u013eadali si \u010fal\u0161ie inform\u00e1cie o pripravenosti na lesn\u00e9 po\u017eiare, v porovnan\u00ed s t\u00fdmi, ktor\u00ed dostali v\u0161eobecn\u00fa komunik\u00e1ciu (pomer \u0161anc\u00ed bol 2,03). E\u0161te v\u00fdraznej\u0161\u00ed bol efekt pri n\u00e1v\u0161tev\u00e1ch cie\u013eovej str\u00e1nky, kde boli \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci v skupine s proxim\u00e1lnym podnetom takmer 4,8-kr\u00e1t pravdepodobnej\u0161\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Praktick\u00e1 hodnota a \u0161k\u00e1lovate\u013enos\u0165<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tieto zistenia nazna\u010duj\u00fa \u0161k\u00e1lovate\u013en\u00fd a n\u00edzkon\u00e1kladov\u00fd pr\u00edstup, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee v\u00fdrazne zlep\u0161i\u0165 pripravenos\u0165 na katastrofy. Hoci absol\u00fatna zmena v spr\u00e1van\u00ed bola mierna, v masovom meradle m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 aj mal\u00e9 behavior\u00e1lne zmeny zna\u010dn\u00fd praktick\u00fd v\u00fdznam. Pridanie lok\u00e1lneho detailu, ak\u00fdm je n\u00e1zov predmestia, sl\u00fa\u017ei ako efekt\u00edvna behavior\u00e1lna intervencia, ktor\u00e1 rie\u0161i prek\u00e1\u017eky adapt\u00e1cie na zmenu kl\u00edmy t\u00fdm, \u017ee ju rob\u00ed osobne relevantnou.<\/p>\n

Pre in\u0161tit\u00facie, ako s\u00fa banky, pois\u0165ovne a miestne samospr\u00e1vy, pon\u00faka tento pr\u00edstup praktick\u00fd n\u00e1vod, ako navrhn\u00fa\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 komunika\u010dn\u00e9 strat\u00e9gie. Za\u010dlenenie proxim\u00e1lnych podnetov do informa\u010dn\u00fdch kampan\u00ed zais\u0165uje, \u017ee spr\u00e1vy zarezonuj\u00fa u jednotlivcov a in\u0161piruj\u00fa ich ku konkr\u00e9tnym ochrann\u00fdm opatreniam. Vyu\u017eit\u00edm kontextu a personaliz\u00e1cie m\u00f4\u017eu in\u0161tit\u00facie podporova\u0165 spr\u00e1vanie zvy\u0161uj\u00face odolnos\u0165 vo\u010di kl\u00edme medzi jednotlivcami, ktor\u00ed by inak kv\u00f4li abstraktnosti hrozby nekonali. Tento pr\u00edstup je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd najm\u00e4 preto, \u017ee dom\u00e1ci majitelia \u010delia \u010doraz \u010dastej\u0161ie rast\u00facim poistn\u00fdm pr\u00e9mi\u00e1m alebo dokonca odmietnutiu poistenia, pri\u010dom opatrenia na ochranu majetku s\u00fa ich naj\u00fa\u010dinnej\u0161ou strat\u00e9giou na zmiernenie rizika. \u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0622\u0631 \u0622\u064a<\/strong><\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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