{"id":38219,"date":"2025-11-14T14:53:15","date_gmt":"2025-11-14T13:53:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/?p=38219"},"modified":"2025-11-14T14:54:05","modified_gmt":"2025-11-14T13:54:05","slug":"sokujuca-pravda-o-vecnych-chemikaliach-pfas-vo-vasej-vode-a-tele","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/2025\/11\/14\/sokujuca-pravda-o-vecnych-chemikaliach-pfas-vo-vasej-vode-a-tele\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0160okuj\u00faca pravda o \u201eve\u010dn\u00fdch chemik\u00e1li\u00e1ch\u201c (PFAS) vo va\u0161ej vode a tele"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>S\u00fa v da\u017edi, ktor\u00fd pad\u00e1 na na\u0161e polia, v obaloch na\u0161ich jed\u00e1l a vo vode te\u010d\u00facej z na\u0161ich koh\u00fatikov. \u201eVe\u010dn\u00e9 chemik\u00e1lie\u201c alebo PFAS nie s\u00fa vzdialen\u00fdm environment\u00e1lnym probl\u00e9mom \u2013 s\u00fa tichou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou na\u0161ich \u017eivotov. <!--more-->A hoci tento n\u00e1zov m\u00f4\u017ee znie\u0165 znepokojuj\u00faco, skuto\u010dn\u00e1 pravda o t\u00fdchto chemik\u00e1li\u00e1ch a ich v\u0161adepr\u00edtomnom dosahu na na\u0161e zdravie a \u017eivotn\u00e9 prostredie je e\u0161te znepokojivej\u0161ia, ne\u017e si v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina \u013eud\u00ed uvedomuje. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nok odha\u013euje p\u00e4\u0165 najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edch a najprekvapivej\u0161\u00edch zisten\u00ed o PFAS z najnov\u0161\u00edch vedeck\u00fdch \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed a spr\u00e1v, aby ste pochopili, pre\u010do je t\u00e1to t\u00e9ma tak\u00e1 naliehav\u00e1.<\/p>\n<h3>\u201eVe\u010dnos\u0165\u201c vo ve\u010dn\u00fdch chemik\u00e1li\u00e1ch je desivo doslovn\u00e1<\/h3>\n<p>Z\u00e1kladom toho, \u010do rob\u00ed per- a polyflu\u00f3ralkylov\u00e9 l\u00e1tky (PFAS) tak\u00fdmi trv\u00e1cnymi, je ich chemick\u00e1 \u0161trukt\u00fara. Tieto syntetick\u00e9 chemik\u00e1lie s\u00fa postaven\u00e9 na v\u00e4zbe uhl\u00edk-flu\u00f3r, ktor\u00e1 je najsilnej\u0161ou chemickou v\u00e4zbou v organickej ch\u00e9mii. Ako uv\u00e1dza Massachusetts Medical Society, \u201eni\u010d v pr\u00edrode nedok\u00e1\u017ee t\u00fato v\u00e4zbu rozlo\u017ei\u0165\u201c, \u010do je d\u00f4vodom, pre\u010do sa naz\u00fdvaj\u00fa \u201eve\u010dn\u00e9 chemik\u00e1lie\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00e1to extr\u00e9mna odolnos\u0165 viedla k ich v\u0161adepr\u00edtomnosti. Pod\u013ea National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences sa PFAS na\u0161li v krvi 97 % Ameri\u010danov. Rozsiahla n\u00e1rodn\u00e1 \u0161t\u00fadia v USA, o ktorej informoval port\u00e1l Earth.com, \u010falej odhaduje, \u017ee najmenej 45 % vody z vodovodu v USA obsahuje jednu alebo viacero t\u00fdchto chemik\u00e1li\u00ed. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee expoz\u00edcia u\u017e nie je len ot\u00e1zkou \u201e\u010di\u201c, ale \u201eko\u013eko\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>\u201eAk si mysl\u00edte, \u017ee nie ste vystaven\u00ed PFAS, ste na ve\u013ekom omyle.\u201c \u2014 Obyvate\u013e Michiganu v komunitnom svedectve pre N\u00e1rodn\u00fa akad\u00e9miu vied v roku 2019<\/p>\n<h3>N\u00e1hrady nie s\u00fa o ni\u010d bezpe\u010dnej\u0161ie \u2013 odha\u013euj\u00fa nefunk\u010dn\u00fd syst\u00e9m<\/h3>\n<p>Ke\u010f sa za\u010dali objavova\u0165 obavy t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa dvoch najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00edch PFAS, PFOA a PFOS, chemick\u00fd priemysel predstavil n\u00e1hrady, ako napr\u00edklad GenX, ktor\u00e9 boli prezentovan\u00e9 ako \u201ebezpe\u010dnej\u0161ie\u201c alternat\u00edvy. Uk\u00e1zalo sa v\u0161ak, \u017ee ide o nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd cyklus.<\/p>\n<p>Pod\u013ea toxicity review Americkej agent\u00fary na ochranu \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia (EPA), o ktorom informovala Environmental Working Group (EWG), je GenX \u201etakmer rovnako toxick\u00fd pre \u013eud\u00ed ako to, \u010do nahradil\u201c. V skuto\u010dnosti spolo\u010dnos\u0165 DuPont, ktor\u00e1 GenX vyvinula, poskytla EPA v\u00fdsledky testov, ktor\u00e9 uk\u00e1zali, \u017ee GenX sp\u00f4sobil rakovinu u laborat\u00f3rnych zvierat. Tento pr\u00edpad poukazuje na z\u00e1sadn\u00fd nedostatok v regula\u010dnom syst\u00e9me, kde nov\u00e9 chemik\u00e1lie m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 uveden\u00e9 na trh bez adekv\u00e1tneho a nez\u00e1visl\u00e9ho testovania bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n<p>\u201eSyst\u00e9m je postaven\u00fd na hlavu: namiesto toho, aby d\u00f4kazn\u00e9 bremeno bolo na EPA, aby preuk\u00e1zala, \u017ee chemik\u00e1lie ako GenX s\u00fa bezpe\u010dn\u00e9, chemick\u00fd priemysel by mal by\u0165 zodpovedn\u00fd za testovanie bezpe\u010dnosti svojich v\u00fdrobkov predt\u00fdm, ako ich uvedie na trh.\u201c \u2014 David Andrews, Ph.D., senior vedec v EWG<\/p>\n<h3>Spojenie medzi va\u0161ou vodou z vodovodu a tox\u00ednmi v krvi je teraz alarmuj\u00faco jasn\u00e9<\/h3>\n<p>Doteraz bola s\u00favislos\u0165 medzi kontaminovanou vodou a hladinami PFAS v tele hlavne predpokladom. Ned\u00e1vna \u0161t\u00fadia citovan\u00e1 na Earth.com v\u0161ak tento predpoklad potvrdila s alarmuj\u00facou presnos\u0165ou. V\u00fdskum priamo spojil vy\u0161\u0161ie hladiny PFAS v pitnej vode s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmi hladinami t\u00fdchto chemik\u00e1li\u00ed v krvi \u013eud\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>\u0160t\u00fadia priniesla konkr\u00e9tne \u010d\u00edsla: 7,1 % obyvate\u013eov v oblastiach s vysokou expoz\u00edciou PFAS vo vode malo hladiny v krvi nad 20 nanogramov na mililiter (ng\/mL). V oblastiach s n\u00edzkou expoz\u00edciou to bolo len 2,8 %. Pre\u010do je t\u00e1to hranica 20 ng\/mL d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1? Pod\u013ea usmernen\u00ed N\u00e1rodnej akad\u00e9mie vied, in\u017einierstva a medic\u00edny (NASEM) predstavuje hladina nad touto hranicou \u201ezv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 riziko nepriazniv\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dinkov\u201c. Tieto \u00fa\u010dinky zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa rakovinu obli\u010diek, zn\u00ed\u017een\u00fd rast doj\u010diat, abnorm\u00e1lny cholesterol a zn\u00ed\u017een\u00fa imunitn\u00fa odpove\u010f.<\/p>\n<h3>Zdravotn\u00e9 rizik\u00e1 s\u00fa \u0161pecifick\u00e9 a v\u00e1\u017ene, vr\u00e1tane rakoviny<\/h3>\n<p>V\u0161eobecn\u00e9 varovania o zdravotn\u00fdch rizik\u00e1ch \u010dasto str\u00e1caj\u00fa na sile, ale v pr\u00edpade PFAS s\u00fa d\u00f4kazy \u0161pecifick\u00e9 a presved\u010div\u00e9. Medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e1 agent\u00fara pre v\u00fdskum rakoviny (IARC) ned\u00e1vno pov\u00fd\u0161ila PFOA na \u201e\u013eudsk\u00fd karcinog\u00e9n\u201c a PFOS klasifikovala ako \u201emo\u017en\u00fd \u013eudsk\u00fd karcinog\u00e9n\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>\u0160t\u00fadie uskuto\u010dnen\u00e9 N\u00e1rodn\u00fdm onkologick\u00fdm \u00fastavom (NCI) potvrdili siln\u00e9 prepojenia:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Expoz\u00edcia PFOA je spojen\u00e1 so zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm rizikom rakoviny obli\u010diek (ren\u00e1lny karcin\u00f3m).<\/li>\n<li>Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 hladiny PFOS v krvi s\u00fa spojen\u00e9 so zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm rizikom rakoviny semenn\u00edkov, ako sa zistilo u pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edkov letectva USA, ktor\u00ed boli \u010dasto vystaven\u00ed hasi\u010dskej pene obsahuj\u00facej PFAS.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Okrem rakoviny s\u00fa pod\u013ea zdrojov z Massachusetts Medical Society a Eur\u00f3pskej environment\u00e1lnej agent\u00fary PFAS spojen\u00e9 aj s po\u0161koden\u00edm pe\u010dene, ochoren\u00edm \u0161t\u00edtnej \u017e\u013eazy, obezitou a probl\u00e9mami s plodnos\u0165ou.<\/p>\n<h3>Neexistuje \u017eiadna \u201ebezpe\u010dn\u00e1\u201c \u00farove\u0148 expoz\u00edcie<\/h3>\n<p>Sn\u00e1\u010f najznepokojuj\u00facej\u0161\u00edm zisten\u00edm je z\u00e1ver vedcov a regula\u010dn\u00fdch org\u00e1nov. Pod\u013ea materi\u00e1lov z Massachusetts Medical Society, ktor\u00e9 cituj\u00fa EPA: \u201ePod\u013ea Americkej agent\u00fary na ochranu \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia (EPA) <b>neexistuje \u017eiadna bezpe\u010dn\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 expoz\u00edcie PFAS<\/b>.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>\u010co to v praxi znamen\u00e1? Podobne ako v pr\u00edpade olova, benz\u00e9nu alebo radi\u00e1cie, nepriazniv\u00e9 zdravotn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky mo\u017eno pozorova\u0165 na ka\u017edej \u00farovni expoz\u00edcie. Hoci regula\u010dn\u00e9 org\u00e1ny, ako EPA a E\u00da, stanovuj\u00fa pr\u00e1vne z\u00e1v\u00e4zn\u00e9 limity pre pitn\u00fa vodu a potraviny \u2013 napr\u00edklad nov\u00fd limit EPA je 4 \u010dasti na trili\u00f3n (ppt) pre PFOA a PFOS \u2013 tieto limity s\u00fa n\u00e1strojmi na zn\u00ed\u017eenie rizika, nie vyhl\u00e1sen\u00edm o bezpe\u010dnosti. Tieto limity teda nepredstavuj\u00fa \u201ebezpe\u010dn\u00fa\u201c hranicu, ale sk\u00f4r pr\u00e1vne vyn\u00fatite\u013en\u00fd cie\u013e pre syst\u00e9my \u00fapravy vody, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 minimalizova\u0165 riziko pre verejn\u00e9 zdravie v r\u00e1mci technologick\u00fdch a ekonomick\u00fdch mo\u017enost\u00ed. Z\u00e1kladn\u00fdm vedeck\u00fdm poznatkom je, \u017ee \u017eiadna \u00farove\u0148 nie je \u00faplne bez rizika.<\/p>\n<h3>\u010co teraz?<\/h3>\n<p>Zatia\u013e \u010do inform\u00e1cie o PFAS s\u00fa bezpochyby znepokojuj\u00face, informovanos\u0165 je prv\u00fdm a najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edm krokom k ochrane seba, svojej rodiny a presadzovaniu zmeny. Ak m\u00e1te obavy, tu je nieko\u013eko praktick\u00fdch krokov, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eete podnikn\u00fa\u0165:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b>Skontrolujte spr\u00e1vu o kvalite vody:<\/b> Obr\u00e1\u0165te sa na svojho miestneho dod\u00e1vate\u013ea vody a vy\u017eiadajte si najnov\u0161iu spr\u00e1vu o kvalite, ktor\u00e1 by mala obsahova\u0165 inform\u00e1cie o testovan\u00ed na PFAS.<\/li>\n<li><b>Zv\u00e1\u017ete pou\u017eitie vodn\u00e9ho filtra:<\/b> Certifikovan\u00e9 filtre, najm\u00e4 tie s granulovan\u00fdm akt\u00edvnym uhl\u00edm (GAC) alebo syst\u00e9mami reverznej osm\u00f3zy, m\u00f4\u017eu \u00fa\u010dinne zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 hladiny PFAS vo va\u0161ej pitnej vode.<\/li>\n<li><b>Diskutujte s lek\u00e1rom:<\/b> Ak m\u00e1te v\u00e1\u017ene obavy o svoju expoz\u00edciu, napr\u00edklad z d\u00f4vodu zamestnania alebo miesta bydliska, prediskutujte so svoj\u00edm lek\u00e1rom mo\u017enos\u0165 testovania krvi na PFAS.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Ot\u00e1zka u\u017e neznie, <i>\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/i> sme vystaven\u00ed. Ot\u00e1zka znie, ak\u00fa zodpovednos\u0165 nesieme \u2013 ako jednotlivci aj ako spolo\u010dnos\u0165 \u2013 za to, aby sme t\u00fato znalos\u0165 premenili na po\u017eiadavku bezpe\u010dnej\u0161\u00edch produktov a \u010distej\u0161ej vody pre bud\u00face gener\u00e1cie? <em><strong>\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0622\u0631 \u0622\u064a<\/strong><\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u00fa v da\u017edi, ktor\u00fd pad\u00e1 na na\u0161e polia, v obaloch na\u0161ich jed\u00e1l a vo vode te\u010d\u00facej z na\u0161ich koh\u00fatikov. \u201eVe\u010dn\u00e9 chemik\u00e1lie\u201c alebo PFAS nie s\u00fa vzdialen\u00fdm environment\u00e1lnym probl\u00e9mom \u2013 s\u00fa tichou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou na\u0161ich \u017eivotov.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38219","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-klimaticka-zmena"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38219","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38219"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38219\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38219"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38219"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38219"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}