{"id":37658,"date":"2025-09-11T11:48:05","date_gmt":"2025-09-11T09:48:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/?p=37658"},"modified":"2025-09-11T11:49:22","modified_gmt":"2025-09-11T09:49:22","slug":"preco-su-trvale-odstranovanie-co2-cdr-klucove-pre-dosiahnutie-cielov-v-oblasti-klimy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/2025\/09\/11\/preco-su-trvale-odstranovanie-co2-cdr-klucove-pre-dosiahnutie-cielov-v-oblasti-klimy\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 (CDRs) \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 1.5 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 atmosf\u00e9ry a trvalo ho ukladaj\u00fa do geologick\u00fdch, p\u00f4dnych alebo oce\u00e1nskych n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed, pr\u00edpadne do produktov. Tieto met\u00f3dy sa delia na odoln\u00e9 a neodoln\u00e9 v z\u00e1vislosti od d\u013a\u017eky uchov\u00e1vania odstr\u00e1nen\u00e9ho uhl\u00edka. Iba odoln\u00e9 CDR, kde je uhl\u00edk bezpe\u010dne ulo\u017een\u00fd po tis\u00edcro\u010dia, dok\u00e1\u017ee skuto\u010dne neutralizova\u0165 emisie z dlh\u00e9ho uhl\u00edkov\u00e9ho cyklu<\/strong>, ako s\u00fa emisie z fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv.<\/p>\n

Nevyhnutnos\u0165 odoln\u00e9ho CDR<\/strong><\/p>\n

Potreba<\/span><\/a> CDR vypl\u00fdva z nieko\u013ek\u00fdch d\u00f4vodov: neutraliz\u00e1cia zvy\u0161kov\u00fdch emisi\u00ed CO2 po dosiahnut\u00ed \u010distej nuly, zabr\u00e1nenie prekro\u010deniu uhl\u00edkov\u00e9ho rozpo\u010dtu, zvr\u00e1tenie prekro\u010denia teploty a neutraliz\u00e1cia vplyvu in\u00fdch ne\u017e CO2 emisi\u00ed. Pre obmedzenie glob\u00e1lneho otep\u013eovania na 1,5 \u00b0C je nevyhnutn\u00e9 hlbok\u00e9 zni\u017eovanie emisi\u00ed v kombin\u00e1cii s odoln\u00fdm CDR. Zvy\u0161kov\u00e9 emisie CO2, ktor\u00e9 zostan\u00fa po implement\u00e1cii v\u0161etk\u00fdch mo\u017en\u00fdch reduk\u010dn\u00fdch opatren\u00ed, musia by\u0165 neutralizovan\u00e9 odstr\u00e1neniami ulo\u017een\u00fdmi po tis\u00edcro\u010dia. Met\u00f3dy neodoln\u00e9ho CDR, ako je zales\u0148ovanie, ktor\u00e9 ukladaj\u00fa uhl\u00edk na desiatky a\u017e stovky rokov, s\u00fa nevhodn\u00e9 na neutraliz\u00e1ciu emisi\u00ed z fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv.<\/p>\n

S\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fd stav a v\u00fdzvy<\/strong><\/p>\n

Napriek naliehavej potrebe \u0161k\u00e1lovania odoln\u00e9ho CDR na dosiahnutie glob\u00e1lnej \u010distej nuly, zost\u00e1vaj\u00fa kapacita aj dopyt hlboko pod potrebnou \u00farov\u0148ou. V roku 2023 bolo odoln\u00fdmi met\u00f3dami odstr\u00e1nen\u00fdch menej ako 1,3 mili\u00f3na ton CO2. Na dosiahnutie \u010distej nuly by sa to muselo do roku 2050 zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 tis\u00edcn\u00e1sobne. S\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fd dopyt po odoln\u00fdch odstr\u00e1neniach je n\u00edzky, pri\u010dom za takmer v\u0161etky n\u00e1kupy zodpoved\u00e1 len h\u0155stka spolo\u010dnost\u00ed. Microsoft s\u00e1m je zodpovedn\u00fd za viac ako dve tretiny v\u0161etk\u00fdch zazmluvnen\u00fdch odoln\u00fdch CDR<\/strong>. Toto obmedzen\u00e9 prijatie odr\u00e1\u017ea nedostatok jasn\u00fdch obchodn\u00fdch stimulov pre v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu spolo\u010dnost\u00ed investova\u0165 do odoln\u00e9ho CDR, pokia\u013e ho nem\u00f4\u017eu pou\u017ei\u0165 na svoje tvrdenia o \u010distej nule alebo na marketingov\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely.<\/p>\n

Odoln\u00e9 CDR nie je bez probl\u00e9mov. Aj pri starostlivom riaden\u00ed m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm environment\u00e1lnym a soci\u00e1lnym rizik\u00e1m, ako je konkurencia o p\u00f4du, vodu a \u010dist\u00fa energiu. Okrem toho existuje riziko dvojit\u00e9ho zapo\u010d\u00edtavania odstr\u00e1nen\u00ed<\/strong>, ak si rovnak\u00e9 odstr\u00e1nenie n\u00e1rokuj\u00fa dve alebo viacer\u00e9 subjekty, napr\u00edklad spolo\u010dnos\u0165 a n\u00e1rodn\u00e1 vl\u00e1da, \u010do podkop\u00e1va d\u00f4veryhodnos\u0165 tvrden\u00ed o \u010distej nule. Transparentnos\u0165 v projektoch CDR je tie\u017e ve\u013emi obmedzen\u00e1, ke\u010f\u017ee spolo\u010dnosti a developeri \u010dasto nezverej\u0148uj\u00fa k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 detaily.<\/p>\n

\u00daloha vl\u00e1d a dobrovo\u013en\u00fdch iniciat\u00edv<\/strong><\/p>\n

Odoln\u00e9 CDR m\u00e1 obmedzen\u00fd udr\u017eate\u013en\u00fd potenci\u00e1l, \u010do z neho rob\u00ed vz\u00e1cny zdroj, ktor\u00fd nem\u00f4\u017ee sl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 ako univerz\u00e1lne rie\u0161enie pre prebiehaj\u00face emisie. Malo by sa s n\u00edm zaobch\u00e1dza\u0165 ako s verejn\u00fdm statkom<\/strong> a malo by by\u0165 vyhraden\u00e9 na neutraliz\u00e1ciu zvy\u0161kov\u00fdch emisi\u00ed v \u0165a\u017eko dekarbonizovate\u013en\u00fdch sektoroch.<\/p>\n

Vl\u00e1dy s\u00fa najlep\u0161ie pripraven\u00e9 na rozvoj a \u0161k\u00e1lovanie odoln\u00e9ho CDR<\/strong> prostredn\u00edctvom opatren\u00ed, ako s\u00fa obstar\u00e1vacie povinnosti, sch\u00e9my obchodovania s odstr\u00e1neniami alebo zda\u0148ovanie. V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti v\u0161ak tak\u00e9to politiky vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine jurisdikci\u00ed do zna\u010dnej miery ch\u00fdbaj\u00fa. V tejto absencii m\u00f4\u017eu dobrovo\u013en\u00e9 iniciat\u00edvy, ako napr\u00edklad iniciat\u00edva Science-Based Targets (SBTi) a Medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e1 organiz\u00e1cia pre normaliz\u00e1ciu (ISO), zohra\u0165 k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fa \u00falohu pri usmer\u0148ovan\u00ed podnikov\u00fdch opatren\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Odpor\u00fa\u010dania pre dobrovo\u013en\u00e9 iniciat\u00edvy<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pre posilnenie podpory odoln\u00e9ho CDR a zaistenie jeho integrity s\u00fa k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 nasledovn\u00e9 odpor\u00fa\u010dania pre dobrovo\u013en\u00e9 iniciat\u00edvy:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Vy\u017eadova\u0165 od spolo\u010dnost\u00ed stanovenie samostatn\u00fdch cie\u013eov<\/strong> pre zni\u017eovanie emisi\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plynov a pre podporu odoln\u00e9ho CDR. Tieto ciele by sa nemali zlu\u010dova\u0165 do jedn\u00e9ho cie\u013ea \u010distej nuly na \u00farovni spolo\u010dnosti.<\/li>\n
  2. \u017diada\u0165 od spolo\u010dnost\u00ed stanovenie pe\u0148a\u017en\u00fdch cie\u013eov<\/strong> pre odoln\u00e9 CDR v kr\u00e1tkodobom a strednodobom horizonte, aby sa pomohlo financova\u0165 jeho \u0161k\u00e1lovanie.<\/li>\n
  3. Poskytn\u00fa\u0165 jasn\u00fa defin\u00edciu odoln\u00e9ho CDR<\/strong> a stanovi\u0165 soci\u00e1lne a environment\u00e1lne z\u00e1ruky.<\/li>\n
  4. Ak dobrovo\u013en\u00e9 \u0161tandardy na\u010falej vy\u017eaduj\u00fa kombinovan\u00e9 ciele, odoln\u00e9 CDR by sa malo pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 iba na neutraliz\u00e1ciu zvy\u0161kov\u00fdch emisi\u00ed<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 nemo\u017eno zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fdmi alebo predpokladan\u00fdmi technol\u00f3giami v nasleduj\u00facich desa\u0165ro\u010diach.<\/li>\n
  5. Dlhodob\u00e9 a priebe\u017en\u00e9 ciele odoln\u00e9ho CDR by mali pokr\u00fdva\u0165 v\u0161etky emisn\u00e9 rozsahy<\/strong> (Scope 1, 2 a 3).<\/li>\n
  6. Odoln\u00e9 CDR pre emisie z fos\u00edlnych pal\u00edv by malo zabezpe\u010di\u0165, \u017ee uhl\u00edk je ulo\u017een\u00fd po tis\u00edcro\u010dia<\/strong>.<\/li>\n
  7. Neodoln\u00e9 CDR je nevhodn\u00e9<\/strong> na neutraliz\u00e1ciu biog\u00e9nnych emisi\u00ed met\u00e1nu a emisi\u00ed CO2 z vyu\u017e\u00edvania p\u00f4dy.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Tieto opatrenia s\u00fa nevyhnutn\u00e9 na zabezpe\u010denie toho, aby podpora odoln\u00e9ho CDR nebola len „greenwashingom“ a aby skuto\u010dne prispela k obmedzeniu glob\u00e1lneho otep\u013eovania na 1,5 \u00b0C. Transparentnos\u0165 a nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 hodnotenie projektov s\u00fa nevyhnutn\u00e9, aby sa predi\u0161lo negat\u00edvnym vplyvom na miestne ekosyst\u00e9my a komunity. \u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0622\u0631 \u0622\u064a<\/strong><\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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