{"id":37219,"date":"2025-08-07T07:06:23","date_gmt":"2025-08-07T05:06:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/?p=37219"},"modified":"2025-08-07T07:07:02","modified_gmt":"2025-08-07T05:07:02","slug":"hodnotenie-cielov-udrzatelneho-rozvoja-sdgs-na-urovni-jednotlivych-budov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/2025\/08\/07\/hodnotenie-cielov-udrzatelneho-rozvoja-sdgs-na-urovni-jednotlivych-budov\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Glob\u00e1lny d\u00f4raz na udr\u017eate\u013en\u00fd rozvoj sa v posledn\u00fdch rokoch zintenz\u00edvnil, pri\u010dom Organiz\u00e1cia Spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rodov (OSN) stanovila Agendu pre trvalo udr\u017eate\u013en\u00fd rozvoj do roku 2030 (SDGs). Tradi\u010dn\u00e9 met\u00f3dy hodnotenia SDGs,<!--more--> zalo\u017een\u00e9 na administrat\u00edvnych jednotk\u00e1ch, ako s\u00fa mest\u00e1 alebo okresy, v\u0161ak \u010dasto <strong>postr\u00e1daj\u00fa potrebn\u00fa granularitu<\/strong> pre efekt\u00edvne mestsk\u00e9 intervencie. Tento pr\u00edstup m\u00f4\u017ee prehliada\u0165 nuansy mestskej dynamiky, vr\u00e1tane environment\u00e1lnej degrad\u00e1cie alebo prehlbuj\u00facich sa pr\u00edjmov\u00fdch nerovnost\u00ed, a nie v\u017edy pon\u00faka jasn\u00e9, praktick\u00e9 odpor\u00fa\u010dania prisp\u00f4soben\u00e9 jedine\u010dn\u00fdm v\u00fdzvam jednotliv\u00fdch miest.<\/p>\n<p>Koncepty ako \u201e15-min\u00fatov\u00e9 mesto\u201c, ktor\u00e9 si klad\u00fa za cie\u013e zabezpe\u010di\u0165 pr\u00edstup k z\u00e1kladn\u00fdm slu\u017eb\u00e1m a vybaveniu v kr\u00e1tkej vzdialenosti ch\u00f4dze alebo jazdy na bicykli, s\u00fa s\u00edce koncep\u010dne siln\u00e9, ale \u010dasto <strong>prehliadaj\u00fa bari\u00e9ry pr\u00edstupnosti pre v\u0161etk\u00fdch obyvate\u013eov<\/strong>. Napr\u00edklad, zatia\u013e \u010do mest\u00e1 ako Koda\u0148, Melbourne, Barcelona a Par\u00ed\u017e urobili v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 kroky smerom k udr\u017eate\u013enej urbaniz\u00e1cii, ich politiky uk\u00e1zali aj soci\u00e1lne a ekonomick\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy, ako s\u00fa rast\u00face ceny nehnute\u013enost\u00ed alebo gentrifik\u00e1cia, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu vyl\u00fa\u010di\u0165 obyvate\u013eov s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edmi pr\u00edjmami z pln\u00e9ho vyu\u017e\u00edvania v\u00fdhod. Princ\u00edpy environment\u00e1lnej spravodlivosti pritom zd\u00f4raz\u0148uj\u00fa v\u00fdznam spravodliv\u00e9ho rozdelenia zdrojov a pr\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed, najm\u00e4 v historicky znev\u00fdhodnen\u00fdch oblastiach.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Inovat\u00edvne rie\u0161enie: Hodnotenie udr\u017eate\u013enosti na \u00farovni budov (BLSS)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>V snahe prekona\u0165 tieto obmedzenia bol vyvinut\u00fd nov\u00fd r\u00e1mec na generovanie <strong>sk\u00f3re udr\u017eate\u013enosti na \u00farovni budov (BLSS)<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd integruje rovnos\u0165 do r\u00e1mca 15-min\u00fatov\u00e9ho mesta. Tento pr\u00edstup, publikovan\u00fd v partnerstve s RMIT University, predstavuje <strong>robustn\u00fd n\u00e1stroj pre d\u00e1tovo riaden\u00e9 rozhodovanie<\/strong>, ktor\u00fd pom\u00e1ha mestsk\u00fdm pl\u00e1nova\u010dom a tvorcom polit\u00edk podporova\u0165 spravodliv\u00fd a udr\u017eate\u013en\u00fd mestsk\u00fd rast.<\/p>\n<p>Metodika BLSS vyu\u017e\u00edva <strong>pokro\u010dil\u00e9 geopriestorov\u00e9 modelovanie a techniky strojov\u00e9ho u\u010denia<\/strong>. V pr\u00edpade Hongkongu bol tento pr\u00edstup implementovan\u00fd s vyu\u017eit\u00edm d\u00e1t z viac ako 40 000 obytn\u00fdch budov a 100 vl\u00e1dnych oddelen\u00ed. Zah\u0155\u0148a zber d\u00e1t z OpenStreetMaps, s\u010d\u00edtania \u013eudu a rozsiahlych d\u00e1t o zariadeniach (napr\u00edklad o \u0161kol\u00e1ch, nemocniciach, zariadeniach pre starostlivos\u0165 o seniorov a deti, pol\u00edcii a odpadovom hospod\u00e1rstve).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ako BLSS funguje:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Mapovanie indik\u00e1torov SDGs:<\/strong> Syst\u00e9m mapuje d\u00e1ta na 17 cie\u013eov udr\u017eate\u013en\u00e9ho rozvoja (SDGs) a ich 232 jedine\u010dn\u00fdch cie\u013eov\u00fdch indik\u00e1torov na \u00farovni budov. Niektor\u00e9 indik\u00e1tory, ako napr\u00edklad rodov\u00e9 rozdiely v platoch (SDG 8.5.2) alebo pr\u00edstup k cenovo dostupn\u00fdm liekom (SDG 3.b.3), prispievaj\u00fa k viacer\u00fdm SDGs, \u010do odr\u00e1\u017ea vz\u00e1jomn\u00fa prepojenos\u0165 mestsk\u00fdch v\u00fdziev.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V\u00fdpo\u010det najkrat\u0161ej vzdialenosti:<\/strong> Pomocou kni\u017en\u00edc Pythonu sa vypo\u010d\u00edtavaj\u00fa vzdialenosti medzi budovami a bl\u00edzkymi zariadeniami, \u010d\u00edm sa komplexne posudzuje mestsk\u00e1 pr\u00edstupnos\u0165.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V\u00fdpo\u010det sk\u00f3re SDGs:<\/strong> Sk\u00f3re ka\u017ed\u00e9ho jednotliv\u00e9ho indik\u00e1tora sa najprv normalizuje na stupnici od 0 do 10. Tieto normalizovan\u00e9 sk\u00f3re sa potom s\u010d\u00edtaj\u00fa, aby sa z\u00edskalo sk\u00f3re budovy pre dan\u00e9 SDG, a nakoniec sa spo\u010d\u00edta celkov\u00e9 sk\u00f3re SDG pre budovu. Platnos\u0165 metodiky bola overen\u00e1 porovnan\u00edm s re\u00e1lnymi sk\u00f3re OSN pre Hongkong, pri\u010dom v\u00fdsledky potvrdili vysok\u00fa presnos\u0165.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 poznatky a aplik\u00e1cie:<\/strong> R\u00e1mec BLSS poskytuje detailn\u00fa anal\u00fdzu na viacer\u00fdch \u00farovniach \u2013 budovy, okresy a regi\u00f3ny.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Identifik\u00e1cia nerovnost\u00ed:<\/strong> Pomocou \u0161tatistick\u00fdch mier, ako s\u00fa <strong>Giniho koeficienty<\/strong>, sa identifikuj\u00fa nerovnosti v pr\u00edstupnosti a rozdelen\u00ed zdrojov. Napr\u00edklad, v Hongkongu boli zisten\u00e9 vysok\u00e9 Giniho koeficienty v odpadovom hospod\u00e1rstve a starostlivosti o seniorov, \u010do signalizuje zna\u010dn\u00e9 nerovnosti v pr\u00edstupe. Zistili sa tie\u017e rozdiely medzi vekov\u00fdmi skupinami a regi\u00f3nmi, pri\u010dom star\u0161ie vekov\u00e9 skupiny \u010delia v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm nerovnostiam v pr\u00edstupe k udr\u017eate\u013en\u00fdm zdrojom.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Scen\u00e1rov\u00e9 simul\u00e1cie:<\/strong> Nov\u00fd simula\u010dn\u00fd r\u00e1mec umo\u017e\u0148uje analyzova\u0165 vplyv rozvoja infra\u0161trukt\u00fary na BLSS. Napr\u00edklad, simul\u00e1cia uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee <strong>zavedenie integrovan\u00e9ho zariadenia pre starostlivos\u0165 o seniorov a deti viedlo k podstatn\u00e9mu zlep\u0161eniu sk\u00f3re udr\u017eate\u013enosti<\/strong> pre obe zlo\u017eky. To poskytuje tvorcom rozhodnut\u00ed metodick\u00fd z\u00e1klad pre optimaliz\u00e1ciu konfigur\u00e1cie zariaden\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cielen\u00e9 z\u00e1sahy a odpor\u00fa\u010dania b\u00fdvania:<\/strong> Na z\u00e1klade z\u00edskan\u00fdch poznatkov m\u00f4\u017eu mestsk\u00ed pl\u00e1nova\u010di a tvorcovia polit\u00edk formulova\u0165 politiky zalo\u017een\u00e9 na d\u00f4kazoch, ktor\u00e9 podporuj\u00fa ekonomick\u00fa prosperitu, soci\u00e1lnu rovnos\u0165 a ochranu \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia. R\u00e1mec tie\u017e zah\u0155\u0148a syst\u00e9m odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00ed b\u00fdvania zalo\u017een\u00fd na strojovom u\u010den\u00ed, ktor\u00fd integruje preferencie pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov s kvantifikovate\u013en\u00fdmi krit\u00e9riami.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42949-025-00238-4.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Metodika<\/span><\/a> BLSS je <strong>adaptovate\u013en\u00e1 pre mestsk\u00e9 oblasti po celom svete<\/strong>, vr\u00e1tane miest s obmedzenou dostupnos\u0165ou d\u00e1t, v\u010faka vyu\u017eitiu d\u00e1t z Open Street Maps. Tento r\u00e1mec efekt\u00edvne rie\u0161i probl\u00e9my s\u00favisiace s mestsk\u00fdm pl\u00e1novan\u00edm, optimaliz\u00e1ciou infra\u0161trukt\u00fary a inkluz\u00edvnym rastom, \u010d\u00edm pom\u00e1ha vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 inteligentn\u00e9 mest\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 sa prisp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa a prosperuj\u00fa na z\u00e1klade d\u00e1t v re\u00e1lnom \u010dase. <em><strong>\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0622\u0631 \u0622\u064a<\/strong><\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Glob\u00e1lny d\u00f4raz na udr\u017eate\u013en\u00fd rozvoj sa v posledn\u00fdch rokoch zintenz\u00edvnil, pri\u010dom Organiz\u00e1cia Spojen\u00fdch n\u00e1rodov (OSN) stanovila Agendu pre trvalo udr\u017eate\u013en\u00fd rozvoj do roku 2030 (SDGs). Tradi\u010dn\u00e9 met\u00f3dy hodnotenia SDGs,<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[40,27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37219","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adaptacia-na-zmenu-klimy","category-udrzatelnost_uhlikova-neutralita"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37219","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37219"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37219\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37219"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37219"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37219"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}