{"id":36092,"date":"2025-06-09T18:01:52","date_gmt":"2025-06-09T16:01:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/?p=36092"},"modified":"2025-06-09T18:02:51","modified_gmt":"2025-06-09T16:02:51","slug":"nove-pravidla-pre-uhlikovy-trh-osn-klucovy-krok-k-ambicioznejsej-klime","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/2025\/06\/09\/nove-pravidla-pre-uhlikovy-trh-osn-klucovy-krok-k-ambicioznejsej-klime\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646: \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0627\u064b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0623\u0631\u0635\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636. s Par\u00ed\u017eskou dohodou<\/strong> a poskytuj\u00fa referen\u010dn\u00fd bod pre krajiny a investorov vo svete, kde sa od v\u0161etk\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1tov o\u010dak\u00e1va neust\u00e1le zvy\u0161ovanie ich klimatickej amb\u00edcie.<\/p>\n

Dozorn\u00fd org\u00e1n pod\u013ea \u010dl\u00e1nku 6.4 (Article 6.4 Supervisory Body), ktor\u00fd dohliada na pravidl\u00e1 tohto trhu OSN pod Par\u00ed\u017eskou dohodou, je si vedom\u00fd, \u017ee sl\u00fa\u017ei r\u00f4znorod\u00e9mu spektru akt\u00e9rov. Jeho \u00falohou je n\u00e1js\u0165 cestu, ktor\u00e1 prinesie klimatick\u00fa amb\u00edciu, podpor\u00ed priority kraj\u00edn, zabezpe\u010d\u00ed soci\u00e1lnu a environment\u00e1lnu integritu a pon\u00fakne spo\u013eahliv\u00fd r\u00e1mec pre invest\u00edcie. \u00dastrednou ot\u00e1zkou je, \u010di s\u00fa pravidl\u00e1 efekt\u00edvne pri dosahovan\u00ed skuto\u010dn\u00fdch v\u00fdsledkov a f\u00e9rov\u00e9 pri vyva\u017eovan\u00ed z\u00e1ujmov v\u0161etk\u00fdch z\u00fa\u010dastnen\u00fdch str\u00e1n na trhu.<\/p>\n

Pokrok a nov\u00e9 \u0161tandardy<\/strong><\/p>\n

V posledn\u00fdch dvoch rokoch bol dosiahnut\u00fd d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd pokrok. Boli prijat\u00e9 \u0161irok\u00e9 \u0161tandardy pre v\u00fdpo\u010det zni\u017eovania emisi\u00ed<\/strong> aj odstra\u0148ovania emisi\u00ed<\/strong>. Bol zaveden\u00fd syst\u00e9m riadenia rizika zvr\u00e1tenia emisi\u00ed a povinn\u00e9 environment\u00e1lne z\u00e1ruky a z\u00e1ruky \u013eudsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, ako aj nez\u00e1visl\u00fd proces s\u0165a\u017enost\u00ed a odvolan\u00ed. Av\u0161ak, bez stabiln\u00e9ho toku invest\u00edci\u00ed zostane tento pokrok do zna\u010dnej miery len na papieri.<\/p>\n

Prijat\u00edm nov\u00e9ho \u0161tandardu z\u00e1kladnej \u00farovne (baseline standard)<\/strong> v m\u00e1ji tohto roku sa vst\u00fapilo do novej f\u00e1zy, ktor\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje ambici\u00f3znej\u0161ie kredity. Existuje teraz jasn\u00fd a pr\u00edsny \u0161tandard, ktor\u00fd usmer\u0148uje implement\u00e1ciu silnej\u0161\u00edch kredita\u010dn\u00fdch referen\u010dn\u00fdch bodov. V s\u00fa\u010dasnom kontexte pon\u00faka realistickej\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdchodiskov\u00fd bod pre meranie d\u00f4veryhodn\u00e9ho zni\u017eovania a odstra\u0148ovania emisi\u00ed. Pod\u013ea tohto referen\u010dn\u00e9ho bodu je mo\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1rokova\u0165 si kredity len za zn\u00ed\u017eenia v porovnan\u00ed s konzervat\u00edvnymi odhadmi toho, \u010do by sa stalo bez projektu. Projekty u\u017e nem\u00f4\u017eu z\u00edskava\u0165 kredity za men\u0161ie zlep\u0161enia oproti s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9mu stavu; musia pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 konzervat\u00edvnej\u0161ie z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 \u00farovne, ktor\u00e9 odr\u00e1\u017eaj\u00fa rast\u00facu klimatick\u00fa amb\u00edciu. Napr\u00edklad, metodika m\u00f4\u017ee vy\u017eadova\u0165, aby boli \u00farovne kreditov nastaven\u00e9 aspo\u0148 o 10 % ni\u017e\u0161ie ako historick\u00e9 emisie alebo aby boli benchmarkovan\u00e9 vo\u010di najlep\u0161iemu v\u00fdkonu vo svojej triede<\/strong> a n\u00e1sledne vy\u017eadovali pokles aspo\u0148 o 1 % ro\u010dne. Toto postupn\u00e9 spr\u00eds\u0148ovanie zabezpe\u010duje zos\u00faladenie s cestou k nulov\u00fdm \u010dist\u00fdm emisi\u00e1m, zni\u017euje riziko nadmern\u00e9ho ude\u013eovania kreditov (over-crediting) a pom\u00e1ha hostite\u013esk\u00fdm krajin\u00e1m udr\u017ea\u0165 si viac zn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emisi\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm podporuje bud\u00face amb\u00edcie.<\/p>\n

\u010eal\u0161\u00edm d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdm krokom je \u0161tandard \u00fanikov (leakage standard)<\/strong>, hoci je potrebn\u00e9 e\u0161te pracova\u0165 na rie\u0161en\u00ed vplyvov emisi\u00ed na n\u00e1rodnej alebo sektorovej \u00farovni. Jeho cie\u013eom je zabezpe\u010di\u0165, aby projekty zni\u017euj\u00face emisie na jednom mieste nesp\u00f4sobovali emisie inde. Napr\u00edklad, ak projekt zales\u0148ovania ochr\u00e1ni jednu oblas\u0165, ale vytla\u010d\u00ed \u0165a\u017ebu dreva do bl\u00edzkeho regi\u00f3nu, celkov\u00fd pr\u00ednos by sa mohol strati\u0165. \u0160tandard vy\u017eaduje, aby projekty identifikovali a sledovali tak\u00e9to nepriame vplyvy a odpo\u010d\u00edtali ich od emisi\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 tvrdia, \u017ee zn\u00ed\u017eili.<\/p>\n

Pou\u010denie sa z minulosti a bud\u00face kroky<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tieto technick\u00e9 \u0161tandardy s\u00fa nevyhnutn\u00e9 na zabezpe\u010denie environment\u00e1lnej integrity. Ich \u00faspech v\u0161ak z\u00e1vis\u00ed aj od d\u00f4very a \u00fa\u010dasti, najm\u00e4 zo strany kraj\u00edn, ktor\u00e9 hostia projekty na z\u00edskavanie uhl\u00edkov\u00fdch kreditov. Ke\u010f\u017ee zva\u017euj\u00fa, \u010di schv\u00e1li\u0165 kredity a programy ude\u013eovania kreditov, prirodzene si bud\u00fa chcie\u0165 ponecha\u0165 podiel na v\u00fdhod\u00e1ch zo zn\u00ed\u017eenia emisi\u00ed z invest\u00edci\u00ed. Nov\u00e9 \u0161tandardy pom\u00e1haj\u00fa rie\u0161i\u0165 t\u00fato ot\u00e1zku, ale je potrebn\u00e9 urobi\u0165 viac.<\/p>\n

Uhl\u00edkov\u00e9 kredity boli dlho pod drobnoh\u013eadom pre pr\u00edli\u0161n\u00e9 s\u013euby a nedostato\u010dn\u00e9 plnenie<\/strong>. Tvorcovia pravidiel s\u00fa si vedom\u00ed potreby vyhn\u00fa\u0165 sa opakovaniu minul\u00fdch ch\u00fdb. Od za\u010diatku pracovali na zlep\u0161en\u00ed predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facich modelov, pri\u010dom uplat\u0148ovali pou\u010denia z Mechanizmu \u010dist\u00e9ho rozvoja (CDM)<\/strong>. Kontext ude\u013eovania kreditov sa od ran\u00fdch \u010dias CDM v\u00fdrazne zmenil. Hoci sa bude na\u010falej stava\u0165 na metodik\u00e1ch a sk\u00fasenostiach z CDM, musia by\u0165 prisp\u00f4soben\u00e9 ambici\u00f3znej\u0161iemu r\u00e1mcu, ktor\u00fd reaguje na o\u010dak\u00e1vania hostite\u013esk\u00fdch kraj\u00edn, pre ktor\u00e9 CDM nikdy nebol navrhnut\u00fd.<\/p>\n

S nov\u00fdmi pravidlami sa napreduje s obnovenou d\u00f4verou. Nov\u00e9 pravidl\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa aktualiz\u00e1cie star\u00fdch metod\u00edk uhl\u00edkov\u00fdch kreditov zhora nadol<\/strong> \u2013 \u010do znamen\u00e1, \u017ee ich mo\u017eno centr\u00e1lne revidova\u0165 pre k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 sektory. Prijat\u00fd bol aj prv\u00fd n\u00e1vrh \u00faplne novej metodiky prostredn\u00edctvom procesu zdola nahor<\/strong>, kde n\u00e1pady poch\u00e1dzaj\u00fa priamo od v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov projektov alebo miestnych akt\u00e9rov. A prv\u00e9 kredity Kredita\u010dn\u00e9ho mechanizmu Par\u00ed\u017eskej dohody (PACM) by mohli by\u0165 vydan\u00e9 koncom tohto roka.<\/p>\n

Hoci sa Dozorn\u00fd org\u00e1n stretol s kritikou za pomal\u00fd postup a zlo\u017eitos\u0165 procesu, dosiahnutie politickej dohody na implementa\u010dnom r\u00e1mci nov\u00e9ho uhl\u00edkov\u00e9ho trhu OSN si vy\u017eadovalo \u010das. Pozit\u00edvne prijatie r\u00e1mca na klimatickom samite COP29 v Baku v\u0161ak pomohlo ur\u00fdchli\u0165 pokrok. V\u010faka vynikaj\u00facej pr\u00e1ci expertn\u00fdch panelov boli podrobn\u00e9 \u0161tandardy prijat\u00e9 r\u00fdchlo a s\u00fa pova\u017eovan\u00e9 za ambici\u00f3zne aj jasn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Je toho e\u0161te viac na pr\u00e1ci. Koncom tohto roka sa bud\u00fa posudzova\u0165 podrobn\u00e9 pravidl\u00e1 na hodnotenie a poistenie proti riziku zvr\u00e1tenia emisi\u00ed. Cie\u013eom je vidie\u0165 pln\u00fd r\u00e1mec v akcii do za\u010diatku bud\u00faceho roka<\/strong>. Prij\u00edma sa praktick\u00fd, agiln\u00fd pr\u00edstup k implement\u00e1cii. V\u0161eobecn\u00e9 \u0161tandardy ur\u010duj\u00fa smer; jednotliv\u00e9 metodiky bud\u00fa podrobn\u00e9, ale navrhnut\u00e9 tak, aby sa mohli vyv\u00edja\u0165. Implement\u00e1cia bude f\u00e1zovan\u00e1, s priestorom pre neust\u00e1lu sp\u00e4tn\u00fa v\u00e4zbu a zlep\u0161ovanie. Dozorn\u00fd org\u00e1n v\u00edta kontrolu<\/strong>, nielen pre zodpovednos\u0165, ale ako nevyhnutn\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 svojej misie f\u00e9rov\u00e9ho a efekt\u00edvneho zav\u00e1dzania pre vysokointegr\u00e1lny uhl\u00edkov\u00fd trh OSN. SpringR<\/strong><\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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