Klimatick\u00e1 zmena z\u00e1sadn\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom ovplyv\u0148uje \u013eudsk\u00e9 zdravie r\u00f4znymi priamymi i nepriamymi cestami. Vplyvy klimatickej zmeny na zdravie mo\u017eno rozdeli\u0165 na nieko\u013eko hlavn\u00fdch oblast\u00ed:<\/p>\n
1. Priame zdravotn\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky extr\u00e9mneho po\u010dasia:<\/strong><\/p>\n – Vlny hor\u00fa\u010dav:<\/strong> \u010castej\u0161ie a dlh\u0161ie trvaj\u00face obdobia extr\u00e9mnych tepl\u00f4t sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa \u00fapal, \u00fa\u017eeh, dehydrat\u00e1ciu, kardiovaskul\u00e1rne probl\u00e9my a vy\u0161\u0161iu \u00famrtnos\u0165 predov\u0161etk\u00fdm u star\u0161\u00edch \u013eud\u00ed, mal\u00fdch det\u00ed a chronicky chor\u00fdch os\u00f4b.<\/p>\n – B\u00farky, povodne a bleskov\u00e9 z\u00e1plavy<\/strong>: M\u00f4\u017eu sp\u00f4sobova\u0165 fyzick\u00e9 poranenia, utopenia, infek\u010dn\u00e9 ochorenia pren\u00e1\u0161an\u00e9 kontaminovanou vodou alebo potravou a v\u00e1\u017ene psychologick\u00e9 traumy.<\/p>\n – Po\u017eiare a sucho<\/strong>: Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 riziko \u00famrt\u00ed na n\u00e1sledky po\u017eiarov, respira\u010dn\u00e9 (d\u00fdchacie) probl\u00e9my pri vd\u00fdchnut\u00ed splod\u00edn oh\u0148a a dlhodob\u00e1 kontamin\u00e1cia ovzdu\u0161ia popolom a nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi chemik\u00e1liami.<\/p>\n 2. Infek\u010dn\u00e9 ochorenia a vplyv vektorov:<\/strong><\/p>\n – Premiest\u0148ovanie a rozmno\u017eovanie vektorov:<\/strong> Vy\u0161\u0161ie teploty umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa \u0161\u00edrenie kom\u00e1rov, klie\u0161\u0165ov a in\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010d\u00ed\u0161nych pren\u00e1\u0161a\u010dov chor\u00f4b (tzv. vektorov), \u010do vedie k \u0161\u00edreniu chor\u00f4b ako mal\u00e1ria, dengue hor\u00fa\u010dka, klie\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1 encefalit\u00edda, boreli\u00f3za \u010di Zika v\u00edrus.<\/p>\n – Vodou a potravinami pren\u00e1\u0161an\u00e9 infekcie:<\/strong> Povodne a siln\u00e9 da\u017ede m\u00f4\u017eu zne\u010disti\u0165 a kontaminova\u0165 pitn\u00fa vodu, \u010d\u00edm umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa roz\u0161irovanie \u010drevn\u00fdch infekci\u00ed (napr. cholera, rota v\u00edrusy, bakt\u00e9rie E. coli).<\/p>\n 3. Kvalita ovzdu\u0161ia a respira\u010dn\u00e9 ochorenia:<\/strong><\/p>\n – Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 zne\u010distenia ovzdu\u0161ia<\/strong>: Vy\u0161\u0161ie teploty a po\u017eiare ved\u00fa k zv\u00fd\u0161eniu koncentr\u00e1ci\u00ed pr\u00edzemn\u00e9ho oz\u00f3nu, pevn\u00fdch \u010dast\u00edc a zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00facich l\u00e1tok v ovzdu\u0161\u00ed. Toto vyvol\u00e1va alebo zhor\u0161uje chronick\u00e9 ochorenia p\u013e\u00fac (astma, chronick\u00e1 bronchit\u00edda), ako aj kardiovaskul\u00e1rne ochorenia.<\/p>\n 4. Potravinov\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 a v\u00fd\u017eiva:<\/strong><\/p>\n – Zn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 \u00faroda a potravinov\u00e1 neistota:<\/strong> Dlhodob\u00e9 sucho, zosilnenie extr\u00e9mnych v\u00fdkyvov po\u010dasia a ekologick\u00e9 nerovnov\u00e1hy nar\u00fa\u0161aj\u00fa z\u00e1sobovanie potravinami. Nedostato\u010dn\u00fd pr\u00edstup ku kvalitnej strave sp\u00f4sobuje podv\u00fd\u017eivu, chronick\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky na zdrav\u00ed det\u00ed a oslaben\u00fa imunitu.<\/p>\n 5. Ment\u00e1lne zdravie a psychick\u00e1 pohoda:<\/strong><\/p>\n – Stres a \u00fazkos\u0165 z klimatick\u00fdch udalost\u00ed:<\/strong> Strata domova, majetku a bezpe\u010dia sp\u00f4soben\u00e1 katastrofick\u00fdmi prejavmi po\u010dasia vedie k vy\u0161\u0161iemu v\u00fdskytu stresu, depresie, \u00fazkostn\u00fdch stavov \u010di posttraumatickej stresovej poruchy (PTSP).<\/p>\n – Klimatick\u00e1 \u00fazkos\u0165 (\u201eeco-anxiety\u201c)<\/strong>: Obavy a neistota oh\u013eadom bud\u00facnosti vzh\u013eadom na klimatick\u00fa kr\u00edzu zvy\u0161uj\u00fa psychick\u00fa z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e u jednotlivcov, najm\u00e4 mlad\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed.<\/p>\n 6. Zranite\u013enos\u0165 \u0161pecifick\u00fdch popul\u00e1ci\u00ed:<\/strong><\/p>\n – Ohrozen\u00e9 skupiny:<\/strong> Klimatick\u00e1 zmena m\u00e1 v\u00fdrazne v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed zdravotn\u00fd dopad na deti, star\u0161\u00edch obyvate\u013eov, tehotn\u00e9 \u017eeny, chronicky chor\u00fdch a socio-ekonomicky zranite\u013en\u00e9 skupiny s obmedzen\u00fdm pr\u00edstupom k zdravotnej starostlivosti.<\/p>\n Ako sa na problematiku pripravi\u0165 a zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 jej dopady?<\/strong><\/p>\n Pomocou tzv. adapta\u010dn\u00fdch opatren\u00ed m\u00f4\u017eeme minimalizova\u0165 negat\u00edvne dopady klimatickej zmeny na zdravotn\u00fd stav popul\u00e1cie:<\/p>\n – zlep\u0161ova\u0165 \u00farove\u0148 zdravotn\u00edctva a posil\u0148ova\u0165 jeho kapacity tak, aby zvl\u00e1dalo extr\u00e9mne situ\u00e1cie,<\/p>\n – vzdel\u00e1vanie obyvate\u013estva v oblasti zdravotn\u00fdch riz\u00edk spojen\u00fdch s klimatickou zmenou,<\/p>\n – podpora v\u00fdskumu, monitorovania a v\u010dasn\u00e9ho varovania pred extr\u00e9mnymi klimatick\u00fdmi udalos\u0165ami,<\/p>\n – pl\u00e1novanie v\u00fdstavby mestsk\u00fdch oblast\u00ed prisp\u00f4soben\u00fdch extr\u00e9mnym prejavom po\u010dasia,<\/p>\n – zni\u017eovanie emisi\u00ed a prechod na environment\u00e1lne udr\u017eate\u013en\u00e9 met\u00f3dy hospod\u00e1renia a \u017eivota, teda mitig\u00e1cie (predch\u00e1dzanie \u010fal\u0161iemu zhor\u0161ovaniu klimatickej situ\u00e1cie).<\/p>\n V s\u00fahrne je zrejm\u00e9, \u017ee klimatick\u00e1 zmena predstavuje v\u00e1\u017ene zdravotn\u00e9 rizik\u00e1 pre obyvate\u013eov na celom svete. Jej vplyvy u\u017e teraz poci\u0165ujeme, pri\u010dom najviac zranite\u013en\u00e9 s\u00fa \u010dasti obyvate\u013estva na glob\u00e1lnom juhu alebo chudobnej\u0161ie vrstvy v mestsk\u00fdch oblastiach. Preto je nevyhnutn\u00e9 realizova\u0165 prevent\u00edvne opatrenia, adapta\u010dn\u00e9 strat\u00e9gie a z\u00e1rove\u0148 obmedzova\u0165 \u010fal\u0161ie otep\u013eovanie plan\u00e9ty ako tak\u00e9. SpringR<\/strong><\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Klimatick\u00e1 zmena z\u00e1sadn\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom ovplyv\u0148uje \u013eudsk\u00e9 zdravie r\u00f4znymi priamymi i nepriamymi cestami. Vplyvy klimatickej zmeny na zdravie mo\u017eno rozdeli\u0165 na nieko\u013eko hlavn\u00fdch oblast\u00ed:<\/p>","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34393","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uhlikova_gramotnost"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34393","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34393"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34393\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34393"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34393"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.co2news.sk\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34393"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}